PSI - Issue 70

Sidhartha Parida et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 335–342

338

Steps taken in copper slag & Bottom ash fine aggregate manufacturing: • First, bottom ash and copper slag are sieved. • The amount of material retained on each sieve is weighted and stored individually. • The components are then combined in the proportions specified in Zone 2. • Then M30 self compacting concrete mix is designed according to IS 10262: 2019. • The mixture is placed into a mould and allowed to cure for 28 days.

Table 6: Sieve analysis of developed fine aggregate Sieve size CS BA

Percentage Passing

Table9 IS 383:2019

4.75 2.36 1.18

4

18

97.8 95.6 69.5 46.2

90-100 75-100 55-90 35-59 08-30.

16

6 8 0

253 233 175

0.6 0.3

209

7.8 0.0

0.15

0

78

0-10

5. Methodology Bottom ash and copper slag are to be mixed proportionately and well mixed. The mixture then substitutes the fine aggregate in theM30 grade self compacting concrete mix design. The obtained paste isthen filled in the moulds and allowed to go through air curing. Stripping of the moulds is performed after 24 hours, and the specimens are placed in ambient curing for 28 days. Copperslagandbottomashfineaggregateproductionisachievedinasequentialmannertoproducean M30grade self compacting concrete mix design. Industrial wastes, copper slag and bottom ash, are gathered, graded, and utilized in the mix design as replacement fine aggregates. Tests in a sequence evaluate characteristics such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength, and workability parameters such as slump flow, V-funnel time, and J-ring test results. Final evaluation validates the structural integrity and functional suitability of the mix. This green process enhances waste reutilization and preserves the quality and longevity of the concrete.

6. Mix proportion for M30 grade self -compacting concrete Using IS 10262:2019, the mix design for self- compacting concrete has arrived as follows: Cement = 425 Kg/m 3

Fine aggregate = 1110 Kg/m 3 Coarse aggregate = 669 Kg/m 3 Superplasticizer = 7.65 Kg/m 3 Water = 165.4 Kg/m 3

Table 7: Trial mix proportion for self compacting concrete Trial PF

Cement (Kg/m 3 )

F.A (Kg/m 3 )

C.A (Kg/m 3 )

Water (Kg/m 3 )

S.P (%)

MIX-SCC1 MIX-SCC2 MIX-SCC3

1.15

425 425 425

1146 1097 1110

749 716 669

6.80 7.65 7.65

1.66 1.66 1.65

1.1

1.07

7. Result & discussion 7.1. Specific gravity test

Specific gravity test, as per IS2386 (Part III) – 1963, involves the drying of the fine aggregate, its weight in a pycnometer (W2), the addition of water (W3), and determination of weight ultimately (W4). Specific gravity is derived using a process of avoiding air bubbles to be precise. Specific Gravity = W 2 − W 1 ( W 2 − W 1 ) − ( W 3 − W 4 ) (1)