PSI - Issue 30

Valeriy Lepov et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 30 (2020) 224–231 Valeriy Lepov, Mikhail Lebedev, Nikolay Petrov / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000–000

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local groundings with electrodes 2-2.5 meters deep justify themselves only in the warm season. It is advised to use metal water pipes laid in the ground, reinforced concrete structures and cables that have a reliable connection to the ground as natural grounding conductors. Long-term research at the IPTPN SB RAS has shown that the proper grounding takes into account the electrical conductivity of soils and makes it possible to reduce the corrosion of pipelines, the risk of strong currents in them during thunderstorms and electromagnetic storms also. A key event for the Institute and the Republic as a whole was the All-Union Conference “Fracture of Metal and Welded Structures Failures at Low Temperatures” with the participation of the USSR State Committee for Science and Technology in 1978. The conference brought together more than 150 leading experts in the field of fracture mechanics and physics, representatives of the largest design and engineering organizations and research and production associations. At a plenary session opened by the chairman of the conference, corresponding member of Academy of science of Soviet Union Nikolay V. Chersky, academician of the Ukrainian Academy of scienecs Boris N. Verkin, a joint report was presented by the IMASH and the IPTPN "The Main Directions and Prospects of Research in the Field of Fracture of metals and Welded Structures Failure at Low Climatic Temperatures". On the same day, reports of the State Committee for Science and Technology of the USSR, institutes of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR were presented, and the next day, dozens of reports of specialists from all over the country were heard at the sections "Mechanics and Physics of Destruction", "Cold Resistance of Welded Joints", "Efficiency of Equipment in Low Temperatures". During the leadership of the Institute by Academician Nikolay Chersky have been solved a number of key problems associated with calculating the norms of spare parts for cars at low temperatures in the North, cold resistance of steels, structures and machine parts, increasing the strength metal structures operating in the Far North. Among other things, the problems of destruction of bodies and axles of motor-wheels of heavy-duty dump trucks of imported production, operated in quarries (for Komatsu, Japan, and others), are being solved. In 1979, the Institute is headed by a corresponding member of Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR, Doctor of Technical Sciences Yuriy Urzhumtsev (see Fig.1). A number of topical works related to the performance of polymeric materials in the North are being initiated, and tribology of low temperatures is being developed. In 1980 Nikolai Chersky organized in Yakutsk the Institute of Mining of the North and became its director. Great success is achieved by the Cold Resistance Department of the Institute, where the nature of cold cracking in low-alloy steels is being investigated and arc welding technologies at low temperatures are being developed, requiring extensive experimental testing and modern material science. In 1986 Vladimir Larionov, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), became the director of the institute. In the same year, a group of employees of the Institute was awarded gold medals at the International Leipzig Fair and at the Exhibition of Achievements of the Soviet Economy for the development of the cold-resistant and wear-resistant alloy ISTs-1. During Vladimir Larionov stay in the post of director of the Institute, the total number of employees reached 440 people, including 11 doctors and 79 candidates of sciences in 6 scientific departments, in the scientific testing center "North" and in 5 scientific auxiliary units. Research on the cold resistance of metals, elements of metal structures, and their welded joints is reaching a new level. The welding laboratory was headed by Larionov also. However, the work on solving the energy problems of the republic was also of no small importance. The Laboratory of General Power Engineering, headed by Cd.Sc.(Econ.) Nikolay A. Petrov, develops a "Target Comprehensive Program to Save and Improve the Efficiency of the Use of Fuel and Energy Resources in the National Economy of the Republic in the 11th Five-year Plan and for the Period up to 1990". The main directions of increasing the efficiency of resource use are outlined - reducing the level of economically justified losses, increasing the efficiency of extraction and processing of primary resources. Igor Nikolaevich Chersky, Dr.Sc.(Eng.), with the support of Vladimir Larionov, in 1990 organized the Institute of Nonmetallic Materials (INM) on the basis of the Polymers Department. INM became part of the Joint Institute of Physico-Technical Problems of the North. In the same year, the director of the Institute V.P. Larionov was elected a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Despite the decline in funding and the loss of a large number of qualified graduate specialists due to the “brain drain” abroad in the 1990s, Vladimir Larionov managed to preserve the directions of research at the Institute and even justify the creation of new ones. In particular, methods of modeling the stress-strain state and physical and chemical processes in technological processes are being developed.