PSI - Issue 80

Yichen Zhang et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 80 (2026) 289–298 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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Single element in thickness

(a)

(b)

Two elements in thickness

(c)

(d)

Five elements in thickness

(e) (f) Fig. 5. Damage modes at final failure for the 3D and 2D models with 45° fibre direction: (a) 3D model with single-layer element, (b) 2D model with single-layer element, (c) 3D model with two-layer element, (d) 2D model with two-layer element, (e) 3D model with five-layer element, (f) 2D model with five-layer element.