PSI - Issue 78

Antonio Sandoli et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 78 (2026) 1302–1309

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a CARTIS survey form through complete on-site surveys (Zuccaro et al. 2021). In such a way, the information related to each building are collected and ready to be elaborated. IRMA platform (www.eucentre.it) is another database which can be adopted to develop seismic risk maps for the Italian Territory, and it is integrated with engines for earthquake hazard and risk modelling (Borzi et al. 2021). Furthermore, it can exploit different Italian hazard maps, like MPS04 (Stucchi et al., 2004). On the other hand, the DaDO (Observed Damage Database) database is a web-GIS tool collecting and comparing data on the constructions and structural characteristics, as well as on seismic damage, referring to ordinary buildings inspected in the aftermath of the most important Italian earthquakes, from 1976.Moreover, it adopts shakemaps from past events developed by the National Institute of Geophysics and Vulcanology (INGV), which are available in the ShakeDaDO database (Dolce et al. 2019). To consider the faults at regional and national scales, the INGV developed the Database of Individual Seismogenic Sources (DISS, 2025), consisting of a geospatial repository where all the information referred to faults is reported. The last updates are referred to 2021, and the seismogenic sources are subdivided into composite, debated and subduction. The data can be accessed through a Google Earth base. The INGV maintains the Italian Accelerometric Archive ITACA (Felicetta et al., 2022), where all the waveforms – processed or unprocessed – recorded by the Italian Accelerometric Network (RAN, Felicetta et al., 2023) managed by the Department of Civil Protection together with other those obtained from other national and international accelerometric networks are collected. The waveforms and all the data related to the seismic stations are available and can be downloaded. From the INGV website (https://emidius.mi.ingv.it/) the Parametric Catalogue of Italian Earthquake (CPTI, Rovida et al., 2022) is available as an Excel spreadsheet. Here, all the macroseismic and instrumental data related to Italian Earthquakes with magnitude higher than 5 are included. The last version was implemented in 2021. In Italy, each administrative Region - together with the Department of Civil Protection – has to conduct Microzonation studies. As a consequence, the data are available on the Institutional website of each Region and sometimes they are difficult to be digitized. INGV developed the Tinitaly DEM project (Tarquini and Nannipieri, 2017), which consists in a digital geospatial elevation model. It uses a high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using Triangular Irregular Network (TIN). It adopts a 10 m grid resolution integrating data from topographic maps, GPS points, and radar altimetry, refined through the DEST algorithm to accurately capture terrain break-lines. It can be adopted for a wide range of applications, such as hazard assessment and urban planning. In Italy, landslide risk is a non-neglectable aspect. Consequently, a wide amount of data is available. In fact, the Inventory of Italian Landslide Phenomena IFFI (https://www.progettoiffi.isprambiente.it/), maintained by the Institute for Environmental Research and protection (ISPRA), is a database reporting the landslide observed in the Italian territory. More in detail, the database was built considering aerial photographic interpretation, and it integrates surveys and historical data to overcome the restrictions of the single methodology. Along the same lines, ISPRA developed the IdroGEO web portal (www.idrogeo.isprambiente.it/app/). The database reports the landslide hazard for the whole country, and it is possible to download the shapefiles as open data. Data, maps, photos and documents can be easily managed. Further databases were consulted: the Hydrogeological Risk Management Plan (PAI), which can be accessed by the website of the corresponding Management Authority of each Hydrographic Unit, and downloaded as a shapefile; the WebGIS of cultural, archaeological and landscape protection constraints (Vincoli in Rete); the EU-wide network of protected areas for biodiversity conservation, delineating habitats and species of interest (Rete Natura 2000); the Pan-European land cover inventory (Copernicus) classifying land use and land cover (CORINE Land Cover); Urban Plans and Road Networks. 3. Data extraction and analysis The above-mentioned datasets provide a wide amount of information, playing a pivotal role for comprehensive probabilistic risk analysis at different scales. In fact, they contain data allowing to assess hazard, vulnerability and exposure of the built environment, especially from a seismic point of view. As a main issue, the data are poorly interoperable, not homogeneous among each other, and sometimes difficult to access. These limitations make the joint use of the data particularly difficult for practical applications. In the following, the data extracted from the datasets useful for seismic risk analysis are commented, and each database features are summarized in Table 1.