PSI - Issue 44

ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000 – 000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceD rect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

Procedia Structural Integrity 44 (2023) 1856–1863

© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy. Abstract Recent seismic events in Italy highlighted several vulnerabilities in historical buildings belonging to the national architectural heritage. Among others, monumental constructions such as churches appeared to be prone to local (out-of-plane) collapses of masonry walls, often caused by the presence of poor-quality materials and inadequate connections among structural elements. Seismic retrofitting methods are thus necessary, but should also be reversible, not invasive, and aimed to the architectural conservation of the construction, preserving its historical value. In this framework, the potential of timber-based techniques as reversible and effective methods for seismic strengthening and restoration of buildings is promising. This work presents the case study of St. Andrew’s Church in Ceto (Brescia, Italy), a stone-masonry monumental building featuring a timber roof from 18 th century. Following several inspections commissioned by the curia of Brescia, the church was found in fair structural conditions, with the exception of the wooden roof, having structural elements poorly or not connected among each other and to the masonry. To reduce the evident seismic vulnerability of the church, the roof was retrofitted with plywood panels, allowing for an affordable, rapid, and easily realizable intervention. In this way, the original timber structure could be preserved, creating an adequate load carrying capacity for static loads, as well as an effective diaphragm against seismic loads. The conducted calculations and numerical analyses showed that the realized intervention greatly improves the seismic behaviour of the building, demonstrating the benefits of wood-based retrofitting and supporting their use for the preservation of architectural heritage. © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy Keywords: Timber floors; Masonry buildings; Seismic retrofitting; Architectural conservation; Plywood panels XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy Application of timber-based techniques for seismic retrofit and architectural restoration of a wooden roof in a stone masonry church Michele Mirra a, *, Andrea Gerardini b , Geert Ravenshorst a a Bio-Based Structures and Materials, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands b Gerardini Ingegneria Sismica, Via Castigli ne 131, 25060 Collio (BS), Italy Abstract Recent seismic events in Italy highlighted several vulnerabilities in historical buildings belonging to the national architectural h ritage. A ong others, monumental constructions such s churches appeared to be pron to local (out-of-pla e) collapses of masonry walls, often caused by the presence of poor-quality materials and inadequate connecti ns among structural elem nts. Sei mic retrofitting methods are thus n cessary, but should also be reversible, not invasive, a d aimed to the rchitectural conservation of the construction, preserving its historical value. In this framework, the potential of timb r-based techn ques s reversible a d effective methods fo s ismic strengthening and restoration of buildings is promising. This work pres nts the case study of St. Andrew’s Church in Ceto (Brescia, Italy), a stone-masonry monumental building featuring a timber roof from 18 th century. Following several inspections commissioned by the curia of Brescia, th church was found i fair structu al conditions, with the exception of the wooden r of, having tructural elements poorly or not connected among each other and to the masonry. To reduc th evident seismic vulnerability of the church, the roof was etr fitted with plywood pan ls, allowing for an affordable, rapid, and easily r alizable ntervention. In this way, the original timber structure could be preserv d creating an adequate load c rrying cap cit for st tic loads, as well as an effective diaphragm against seismic loads. The conducted alculatio s and numerical anal ses showed that he realized intervention gr atly improves the seismic behaviour of the building, demonstrating the benefits of wood-based re rofitting and supporting heir use for the preservation of architectural heritage. © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committe of the XIX ANIDIS C nfere ce, Seismic Engineering in Italy Keywords: Timber floors; Masonry buildings; Seismic retrofitting; Architectural conservation; Plywood panels XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy Application of timber-based techniques for seismic retrofit and architectural restoration of a wooden roof in a stone masonry church Michele Mirra a, *, Andrea Gerardini b , Geert Ravenshorst a a Bio-Based Structures and Materials, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands b Gerardini Ingegneria Sismica, Via Castiglione 131, 25060 Collio (BS), Italy

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +31 15 27 83272; fax: +31 15 27 83272. E-mail address: m.mirra@tudelft.nl * Corresponding author. Tel.: +31 15 27 83272; fax: +31 15 27 83272. E-mail address: m.mirra@tudelft.nl

2452-3216 © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy 2452-3216 © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy

2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy. 10.1016/j.prostr.2023.01.237