PSI - Issue 36

Teodoziia Yatsyshyn et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 36 (2022) 362–369 Teodoziia Yatsyshyn, Myroslava Polutrenko, Lubomyr Poberezhny et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2021) 000 – 000

367

Table 3. Factors of gas-oil-water manifestations and emergency oil and gas fountains.

Factors

Characteristics of the factor

Share of the total number,%

Comment

№

1

Errors in the calculation of equipment parameters Untimely decisions and actions of responsible staff Irresponsibility, lack of control Lack of necessary equipment on the well Poor quality or not ready to use equipment Inadequate characteristics of drilling mud Lowering and lifting operations Insufficient rinsing or no rinsing

Inaccuracies or errors during the design phase and during the construction of wells Lack of clear actions in extreme situations, lack of responsible persons Violation of labor and technical discipline, negligence, incompetence Lack of anti-ejection equipment, inconsistency of the present equipment with the required characteristics Leaky, not collected, temperature exposure (frozen) Low density (specific gravity) of drilling mud, rinsing with water Underfilling of the well when lifting the drilling tool, pistoning If necessary, washing according to the requirements, it was carried out in insufficient quantities or was absent Waiting for the necessary equipment, repair work, etc. Factors caused by the activity of the oil and gas complex

5

Qualification, discipline and responsibility Qualification, discipline and responsibility Qualification, discipline and responsibility Responsibility of the oil and gas company Qualification, practical experience, responsibility Responsibility of the oil and gas company Qualification, practical experience, responsibility Qualification, practical experience, responsibility Responsibility of the oil and gas company Responsibility of the oil and gas company

20

40

Organizational

(human) / Subjective

25

2

15

Subjective

Technical /

10

3

20

8

Downtime

18

Technological / Subjective

Man-caused deposits, interstratal flows, formation rupture

14

5

Subjective / Objective

Man-made /

Increased formation pressures, absorption

Features of rock characteristics and unexpected (unpredictable) formation pressures

23

Difficult to predict

6

Geological / Objective

Accidents that led to the emergence of GOWM or OF

Repair of equipment, occurrence of drill string seizures, etc.

13

Qualification, practical experience, responsibility

7

Emergency /

Subjective

Based on the analysis of factors contributing to the emergence of accident GOWM and OF can be traced staff negligence and incompetence, which begins at the stages of design and manufacture of drilling equipment, that is, before the work begins on the drilling site, let alone mentioning the well construction process.

3.1. The main types of danger

According to GOST 22.0.05-97., an accident is a dangerous man-made event that poses a threat to human life and health on an object, defined territory or water area and leads to the destruction of buildings, structures, equipment and vehicles, disruption of the production or transport process, and to harm the environment. Any accident at oil and gas production facilities is accompanied by the destruction of technological oil and gas production and drilling equipment, the drilling rig itself and adjacent buildings.