PSI - Issue 3

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevi r B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://cr ativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility f the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy Integrity assessment and rehabilitation recommendati n of the stripper section of a FCC reactor in the creep regime J.L. González a , S. Gómez b , D. Rivas a * a Professor of the Metallurgy and Materials Department, ESIQIE IPN, México, D.F. b Head of NDT at Grupo de Analisis de Integridad, ESIQIE IPN, México, D.F. Abstract This paper describes the integrity assessment of the shell of the striper section of a FCC reactor in an oil refinery that was severely overheated due to the fall of the internal refractory lining. Because it was not possible to shut down the plant, it was decided to keep the reactor on service thus making necessary to estimate the time that reactor could operate in the creep regime just before a critical condition would be reached. Afterwards, once the reactor was set out of service, the owner requested a rehabilitation method that allowed the damaged section to continue in operation, due to the need to return to service as soon as possible. By using the methodologies of the standard API 579/ASME FFS-1 2007 Part 10, the remaining life time in the creep regime of the cylindrical section of the strip r was estimated nd then a suitable time of safe s rvice was recommended. After this, the extent creep damage was evaluated by non destr ctive inspection and an external reinforcement was designed, following th me hods and guides of the API Bulletin 2U to ensure the vertical stability of the damaged cyli drical shell of the striper section of th FCC reactor. The analysis and recommendations proven to be adequate, since the FCC reactor has been operated for more than five years without failure. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. Keywords: Creep; integrity assessment; FCC reactor. 1. Introduction The striper section of a catalyzer reformer reactor of a FCC Plant in an oil refinery was overheated between the heights 14400 and 17700 mm. The recorded temperatures were above 450 ºC, with spots up to 600 ºC; according to thermographic recordings made by the plant operators on March 18th 2010. A thermographic image of the reactor in XXIV Italian Group of Fracture Conference, 1-3 March 2017, Urbino, Italy Integrity assessment and rehabilitation recommendation of the stripper section of a FCC reactor in the creep regime J.L. González a , S. Gómez b , D. Rivas a * a Professor of the Metallurgy and Materials Department, ESIQIE IPN, México, D.F. b Head of NDT at Grupo de Analisis de Integridad, ESIQIE IPN, México, D.F. Abstract This paper describes the integrity assessment of the shell of the striper section of a FCC reactor in an oil refinery that was severely overheat d due to the fall of the internal refractory lining. Because it was not possible to shut down the plant, it was decid d to ke p the reactor n s rvice thus making necessary to estimate the time that react r could perate in the creep regime just before a critical conditi n would b reached. Afterward , once the re ctor was s t out of servi e, the owner requested a rehabilitation method that al owe he damaged s ction to continue in op ration, due to the need to return to servic as soon as possi le. By using the me hodologies of the standard API 579/ASME FFS-1 2007 Part 10, the r maining life time n the creep regime of the cylindrical sec i n f th tripper w s estimated and then a suitable time of safe servic was recommended. After this, the extent creep damage was evaluated by non destructiv i spection and a external r inforc ment as d signed, following the methods a d guides of h API Bu letin 2U to ensure the vertical stability of the damaged cylindrical sh ll of the striper section of he FCC reactor. T analysis and recommendation p oven to be adequa e, since h FCC rea tor has been operat d f r more than five years without failure. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under espons bility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. Keywords: Creep; integrity assessment; FCC reactor. 1. Introduction The striper section of a catalyzer reformer reactor of a FCC Plant in an oil refinery was overheated between the heights 14400 and 17700 mm. The ecorded temperatures were above 450 ºC, with spots up to 600 ºC; accordi g to thermographic recordings ade by the plant operators on March 18th 201 . A thermographic image of the reactor in © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +52-55-57296000 ext. 54264; fax: 54267. E-mail address: drivas_lopez @ yahoo.com.mx * Corresponding author. Tel.: +52-55-57296000 ext. 54264; fax: 54267. E-mail address: drivas_lopez @ yahoo.com.mx

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of IGF Ex-Co. 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.04.008