PSI - Issue 39

Abdoullah Namdar / Procedia Structural Integrity 39 (2022) 47–56 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000–000

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distance of each geogrid sheet and the elements of the geogrid sheet has very less impact on the crack extension of the model. Because developing the denser geogrid sheet causes the higher solidity of the soil. With changing the distance of the geogrid sheet and the element of the geogrid sheet, the tensile strength of the soil is improving, and the crack extension of the reinforced subsoil will be modifying. It is expecting with the appropriate design vertical geogrid sheet distance at each reinforcing subsoil modeling, and selecting the suitable design of the elements of the geogrid sheet the displacement of the model at each direction is reducing. In addition, the nonlinear deformation of the model is reducing and the crack of the subsoil is not extending more when the model is subjecting to the nonlinear loads.

Fig. 6. The displacement in a critical stage of the numerical simulation.

Figure 7 demonstrates the total stain component for the maximum principal of embankment-subsoil models 1 and 2, in a single stage. The geogrid sheet in the reinforced subsoil significantly is changing the strain density mechanism of the model. The deformable mesh of the model shows the geogrid sheet reducing the crack of the subsoil when the subsoil modeled with reinforced soil. Figure 7 reveals the model reinforced with a geogrid sheet exhibit with the lower strain. The developing positive and negative of the strain is relating to the loading and unloading of the seismic load is applying to the model.

Fig. 7. The strain in a critical stage of the numerical simulation.

Figures 8 and 9 demonstrate the statistical models for displacement and strain of embankment-subsoil models 1 and 2. This histogram development is a soft computing method for collect all data from the numerical simulation in a single picture. From the 2.5 sec to the 4.0 sec of the numerical simulation is the critical part of the analysis, due to this reason the histogram developing for the displacement and strain developed from the 2.5 sec to the 4.0 sec.