PSI - Issue 39

6

Abdoullah Namdar / Procedia Structural Integrity 39 (2022) 47–56 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000–000

52

Strat

Collect seismic data

Modeling

Calculation

Assessment

Prediction

End

Fig. 5. The flowchart for the present study.

3. Results and discussion The results of the nonlinear finite element method are applying to understand the seismic response of the embankment-subsoil modeling and realizing the importance of the crack controlling of the subsoil when the embankment installed on the reinforced and unreinforced subsoil, and model is subjecting to the seismic loading in the multidirectional by a strong earthquake. Figure 6 illustrates the total displacement of embankment-subsoil models 1 and 2, in a single stage. The results of the nonlinear finite element method show using the geogrid sheet are reducing the displacement of the embankment-subsoil model. In addition, the geogrid sheet minimizes the differential displacement of the model. The reducing differential displacement of the reinforced subsoil takes place because of improving subsoil solidity. Developing the differential displacement on the embankment-subsoil model accelerates the crack extension. In the first stage to minimizing the possibility of the creation of the crack and reducing the extension of the available crack, needs to control the differential displacement of the embankment-subsoil model through soil strengthening. Enhancing the tensile strength of the soil by the geogrid sheet improves the tensile strength of the soil. In the present work, the crack mechanism on the unsaturated subsoil minimization is simulated. Figure 6 illustrates, the crack of the reinforced subsoil during the shaking of the embankment-subsoil model significantly reduces. The geogrid sheet reduces the crack expansion and leads to change the vibration mechanism and failure pattern of the embankment-subsoil model. The using geogrid sheet revealed controlling the crack of the soil results in modification model nonlinear deformation behavior. The geogrid sheet improving the tensile strength and shear strength of the soil. Increasing the soil strength and stiffness considerably minimizing soil deformation when the nonlinear loading is applying to the embankment-subsoil model. In comparison, the embankment-subsoil modeled with reinforced and unreinforced subsoil, the multidirectional of the near-fault ground motion creates two different nonlinear deformation mechanisms for each model, and this nonlinear deformation mechanism is associated with the crack extension of the model. The geogrid sheet changing the multidirectional seismic loading interaction. In the reinforcing subsoil modeling, the geogrid sheet interaction to the soil is responsible for controlling the crack expansion. The reinforced subsoil act as a composite material with a higher load transmission capacity in the model. In the present study, for the modeling of the reinforced subsoil by using the geogrid sheet, the distance of each geogrid sheet is five meters in the vertical. In addition, the distance of each geogrid element is 2 meters. This big