PSI - Issue 84

Enrico Pasquale Zitiello et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 84 (2026) 360–367

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methodology. The sensor network includes the installation of electrical crackmeters, strain gauges, triaxial accelerometers, inclinometers, and thermo-hygrometric sensors. The distribution of the devices was designed to monitor longitudinal and transverse deformations, vibrations in the three main directions, and environmental variations. In total, the system includes eight crackmeters, ten strain gauges, four accelerometers, six inclinometers, and three temperature and humidity sensors, arranged on the abutments, piers, and deck. This configuration allows for a comprehensive view of the structural behavior, integrating static and dynamic measurements. The collected data is transmitted to the control unit and subsequently processed within the digital platform, where it is correlated with the information model of the structure, continuously updating the Digital Twin and enabling analysis of structural performance. In both case studies, sensor data feeds the digital model of the structure, creating an integrated monitoring system compliant with the methodological workflow described. The Digital Twin allows for analyzing trends over time, comparing measured values with safety thresholds, and identifying any anomalies in structural behavior. The integration of the BIM model and real-world data allows for the precise location of critical areas, simulation of intervention scenarios, and evaluation of the effectiveness of maintenance operations. After any interventions, the system continues to monitor the structure, allowing for verification of parameter stabilization and updating the digital model with the new operating conditions, completing the iterative cycle required by the methodology.

Fig. 4. Accelerometer trend graph positioned on the viaduct

5. Conclusions and future developments

Fig. 5. Comprehensive AI-based workflow methodology