PSI - Issue 84

Federico Foria et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 84 (2026) 296–303

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4. Inclusion in MIRETS Hydrogeological Mapping, with case study examples 4.1. MIRETS Hydrogeological Mapping

The core approach of MIRETS is the use of geomatics combined with a Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. The aim of MIRETS is the assessment of a priority level for interventions along the railway line corridor in order to improve safety, operational efficiency, and long-term sustainability of the infrastructure. The main input data are represented by: • bibliographic analysis: collection of existing, lower-scale data from available databases, e.g. the Italian web platform on landslides and floods IdroGEO (https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it/app/) and the EGMS European Ground Motion Service (https://land.copernicus.eu/en/products/european-ground-motion-service) providing yearly updated ground movements across Europe obtained by the application of Satellite Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR); • Airborne LIDAR, providing high-resolution Digital Terrain Models (DTM) and Digital Surface Models (DSM) (typically 0.5 m pixel or better) along the railway corridor; • Mobile Mapping Surveys with ARCHITA (Fig. 2), providing a detailed point cloud (10 cm or better) of the trench slopes by a specialized rail trailer equipped with GNSS, IMU, odometer, cameras, laser scanners, GPR. ARCHITA also provides scanning of the tunnel structures to be interpreted with MIRET-Tunnel AI (Foria et al. 2025). ARCHITA (Fig. 2) is a system for the multi-dimensional mobile mapping of tunnels that integrate laser scanner, ground penetrating radars, and linear and thermal cameras on a bimodal vehicle with a survey speed of 15-30 km/h (Foria et al. 2019); • Field Geological Survey, complementary to remote sensing, aimed at collecting direct data on local geology, geomorphology, and materials. Soil/rock samples are collected for lab tests to define constitutive parameters.

Fig. 2. ARCHITA.

The MCA process creates a single, spatially distributed index of landslide hazard by normalizing and weighting multiple, non-directly comparable input parameters with a spatial resolution of 10 meters along the line. The main output of MIRETS is a map classifying trenches and slopes into four priority classes, providing a synoptic view for planning in-depth local studies and proper remedial work design and implementation.