PSI - Issue 84

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ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 84 (2026) 256–263

© 2026 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Abstract Land subsidence poses a significant threat to bridges, viaducts, tunnels, railways, and road networks, potentially leading to substantial social and economic losses. This phenomenon is primarily induced by anthropogenic activities, including mining, groundwater extraction, oil and gas exploitation, and urbanization. In this study, the effects of land subsidence on bridges and viaducts using a complex multi-criteria decision analysis framework are investigated. Advanced remote sensing (RS), geographical information systems (GIS), and Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) techniques were employed to develop an effective evaluation index system. Sentinel-1 repeat-pass Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data acquired in both ascending and descending orbital directions were used for continuous and comprehensive monitoring. Interferograms generated from successive SAR data acquisitions allowed for accurate detection and monitoring of land subsidence, as well as validation of the long-term stability of the bridges and viaducts. Furthermore, the Persistent Scatterer (PS) interferometric stacking method was applied to estimate bidirectional ground displacement, including horizontal (east-west) and vertical (up-down), in areas characterized by high phase stability. The resulting displacement data were analyzed spatiotemporally to identify anomalies and track the evolution of land subsidence over time, thereby providing critical insights into its potential impact on transportation infrastructure. III Fabre Conference: Existing Bridges, Viaducts, and Tunnels: Research, Innovation, and Applications Impact of land subsidence on bridges and viaducts: a comprehensive evaluation using remote sensing, GIS, and PS-InSAR techniques Mirza Adeel Zeb a *, Pasquale Bencivenga a , Mattia Zizi a , Gianfranco De Matteis a a Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Aversa 31081, Italy

Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Conference Keywords: Landsubsidence, Bridge, Viaducts, PS-InSAR, EGMS, QGIS

* Corresponding author. E-mail address: mirzaadeel.zeb@unicampania.it

2452-3216 © 2026 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Conference 10.1016/j.prostr.2026.06.034