PSI - Issue 84

Giovanni Stasi et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 84 (2026) 789–796

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Fig. 12. (a) eccentricity at the foundation base PI_04 T 1201 SLV; (b) energetic balance comparation.

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Fig. 13. Longitudinal force-displacement diagrams: (a) Pier 06, signal 3A.MZ102 SLC; (b) Abutment device, scaled signal MZ102_SLC.

9. Conclusions The analysis indicates that lead rubber bearings (LRB) provide the most efficient seismic protection for the structure. The alternative system using fluid-viscous dampers on abutment 2 resulted in higher input energy, largely because such devices required an elastic restoring system—provided by fixed bearings on the shortest pier (Pier 06)— which increased overall stiffness. Despite the effectiveness of the LRB solution, selecting spectrum-compatible signals remains challenging due to the structure's broad range of longitudinal natural modes (0.15s to 3.5s). Based on what emerged in relation to the approximation on spectral compatibility for structures characterized by a significant number of modal shapes in a wide frequency range, it is proposed, for future developments, to carry out 2 investigations for spectrum-compatible natural signals, one for the interval of periods that affect the longitudinal modes and another for the interval of periods that affect the transverse modes. References Dolati, Seyed Saman Khedmatgozar, Mehrabi, A., Dolati, Seyed Sasan Khedmatgozar, Dolati, Seyed Saman Khedmatgozar, Mehrabi, A., Dolati, Seyed Sasan Khedmatgozar, 2021. Application of Viscous Damper and Laminated Rubber Bearing Pads for Bridges in Seismic Regions. Metals 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111666 Li, X., Jiang, H., Chen, L., Zhong, H., Zhou, Y., Lu, W., 2026. Comparative Analysis of Failure Mechanism Based on Existing Bridges Near an Active Fault Zone: Seismic-resistant and Seismic Isolation System of the Liuhuanggou Bridge. J. Vib. Eng. Technol. 14, 63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417-025-02262-1 Rasulo, A., Pelle, A., Briseghella, B., Nuti, C., Rasulo, A., Pelle, A., Briseghella, B., Nuti, C., 2021. A Resilience-Based Model for the Seismic Assessment of the Functionality of Road Networks Affected by Bridge Damage and Restoration. Infrastructures 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6080112 Capacci, L., Biondini, F., Titi, A., 2020. Lifetime seismic resilience of aging bridges and road networks. Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 16, 266–286. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2019.1653937