PSI - Issue 72

Khedim Fatima Zahra et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 72 (2025) 479–490

482

Fig. 1.Number of publications with synthetic and green corrosion inhibitors per years from database of ScienceDirect.

It is important to note that specific working mechanisms may vary depending on the type of green inhibitor used. In general, green inhibitors work by forming a protective film on the metal surface, reducing the corrosion rate, preventing or controlling corrosion in the environment. The summary of recent studies by various authors on the corrosion inhibition of steel by plant extracts are along with results is presented in Table 1. The Table recapitulates the different extract plant with the used metal in the aggressive media indifferent concentration and temperature. The results of the efficiency, type of inhibition and the mechanism of adsorption are also presented.

Table 1. Plants extract as corrosion inhibitors for steels in acidic media.

Plant extract (inhibitor)

Adsorption mechanism Physical adsorption

Year, Ref.

Inhibitor concentration, temperature

Type of inhibition anodic and cathodic (Mixed)

Metal

Medium

Efficiency (%)

Glebionis coronaria L. flower

El-Ahemy et al. (2025)

1 M HCl

400ppm

> 95%

Mild Steel

100ppm, 250ppm, 500ppm, 750ppm, 1000ppm. 25°-55°

Physical adsorption

Yildiz et al. (2024)

Cyclotrichiu-m niveum

1 M HCl

97.3%

Mixed

Mild Steel

92%at 8000 ppmafter 2 h of immersion and around 96% from 1000 ppm from 6 to 96 h of immersion 88.63% at 1500 ppm after 24 h of immersion at 298 K (24.85 °C) 94.4% for 200 mg/L (20 ppm) BHPE and 100 mg/L(100ppm) KI

1 mol L -1 HCl

Physical adsorption

Paiva et al. (2024)

Malpighia glabra Mild Steel

Mixed

1000 ppm, 8000 ppm

anodic and cathodic Mixed

Grewia bicolor Juss leaves

Physical adsorption

Sidine et al. (2023)

XC48 steel

0.5 M H2SO4

400 to 1500 ppm, 298 and 333 K (24.85-59.85°C) 20, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L + 100mg/L KI {(20, 50, 100, 200 ppm) + (100 ppm KI)}; 298.15K (25 °C)

Benincasa hispida Peel Extract (BHPE) Stachys scardica H. leaves Black Pine (Pinus nigra) Essential Oil Swietenia macrophylla fruit shell extract

Both physical and chemical adsorption

Berisha et al. (2023)

Mild Steel

1 M HCl

Mixed

Wang et al. (2023)

100 to 600ppm, 298 K (24.85°C)

Physical adsorption Physical adsorption

mild steel 1 M HCl

92%

Mixed

Carbon steel

Simović et al. (2023)

1 M HCl

50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm

96 % at 200 ppm

Mixed

0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g/l (50,100,200 and 300 ppm); 303,308,313, 318 and 323 K (29.85, 34.85, 39.85, 44.85 and 49.85 °C) 1, 2, 3 and 4 %; 303K, 313K, 323K and 333K

94.7% for 0.3 g/L (300 ppm) at 303 K (29.85 °C)

Both physical and chemical adsorption

Hedge et al. (2023)

Mild steel 0.5 M HCl

Mixed

The fruit Tamarindus indica

91.7% for 0.25 N HCl

Pinto et al. (2023)

0.25 N, 0.5 N, 1N and 2

Physical adsorption

Mild steel

Mixed