PSI - Issue 70

R. Mohanraj et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 358–364

362

Fig. 2. a) FTIR result for Plain Concrete. b). FTIR result for Nano TiO 2 1% sample c). FTIR result for Nano TiO 2 2% sample d). FTIR result for Nano TiO 2 3% sample e). FTIR result for Nano TiO 2 4% sample f). FTIR result for Nano TiO 2 5% sample 5. Conclusion The study demonstrates that adding 1 – 5% nano- TiO₂ to flash -based cement mortar greatly improves its structural performance and mechanical strength, with 3 – 4% yielding the best results. According to CTM and FTIR measurements, enhanced hydration and a finer microstructure resulted in superior compressive and flexural strengths. Greater durability was indicated by XRD, which showed higher C-S-H phases and decreased calcium hydroxide, while FTIR demonstrated improved C-S-H gel formation. However, agglomeration caused by too much nano- TiO₂ (>4%) decreased strength. Nano - TiO₂ is therefore a viable additive for long -lasting and high-strength construction applications since it efficiently enhances mortar performance when added in 2% dosages.