PSI - Issue 70

Muhibur Rahman S. et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 627–634

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value of BACA ranged from 10.06 to 15.23, showing a significant decrease of up to 56% compared to 23.11 for CCA. 3. The optimum BACA mix was identified at 8M molarity with an L/B proportion of 0.4, providing an economical alternative to CCA while meeting IS: 383 – 2016 standards. 4. In terms of concrete strength, the f ck of concrete made with BACA outperformed CCA mixes. For the M 20 grade, the 28-day strength increment by 1.54%, from 22.76 MPa (CCA) to 23.11 MPa (BACA). Similarly, for the M 25 grade, the strength rose by 4.95%, from 30.3 MPa (CCA) to MPa (BACA). 5. The f sts of concrete with BACA also showed enhancements. For M 20 grade, the 28-day strength increased by 6.98%, from 3.15 MPa (CCA) to 3.37 MPa (BACA). For M 25 grade, it improved by 3.66%, from 3.55 MPa (CCA) to 3.68 MPa (BACA). Flexural strength improvements were observed as well, with the M 20 grade showing a 0.89% increase, from 4.49 MPa (CCA) to 4.53 MPa (BACA). For M 25 grade, the f flex rise by 1.65%, from 4.86 MPa (CCA) to 4.94 MPa (BACA). 6. The findings of this study support the use of BACA as a substitute for CCA in concrete, providing an eco friendly and economically viable alternative while enhancing the strength behaviour of the concrete.

Fig.4. Flexural strength of various mixes

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