PSI - Issue 70

Rakesh Kumar et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 517–524

519

2. Experimental Methods

2.1 Materials To create foamed mortar (FM), the following components were required. 2.2. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) Portland cement was utilised in accordance with international standards and distributed locally, following CEM 1; IS-8112 The physical properties of cement are presented in Table 1.

Table 1. Composition of the cement used in this study is presented. S.No Chemical Composition of Cement

Percentage

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Calcium oxide Silicon dioxide Iron oxide Sodium Oxide Magnesium Oxide Aluminum Oxide Potassium Oxide Sulfur trioxide

66.97 13.99

7.57 0.26 1.35

4.01 0.90 4.95

2.3. Fine River Sand The sand used in this study was fine river sand, noted for its specific gravity of 2.55 and a saturated surface dry specific gravity of 2.60. Additionally, the grading of the river sand utilised in this study conformed. 2.4. Water The blend was formulated using drinking water. water used as per the IS Code. 2.5. Foaming Agent Table 2 presents a comprehensive summary of the characteristics of this facility. S.No Propertie Descriptions

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Color Foam density Specific gravity Acidity Boiling point Vapour pressure Expansion proportion viscosity type

Dark brown 70-80 1.20 6.35-6.45 130 40 25-35 590 Protein-based

2.6. Sawdust Woodworking operations including sawing, sanding, milling, and routing produce sawdust, also known as wood dust. It is made out of very little pieces of wood. The use of hand tools, power tools, or woodworking machinery may be required for these tasks. It could be a major fire and occupational particulate concern in several industries. Particulate sawdust makes up the bulk of particleboard. Research on health risks originated in the discipline of