PSI - Issue 70

R. Krishnasamy et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 343–349

345

Fig 1: (a) GFRP Angle member; (b) GFRP bolt & Steel bolt; (c) Gusset plate; (d) Epoxy resin & Hardener

Fig 2: Experimental setup

Bearing, net-tension, shear-out and cleavage are the four failure modes of a single bolted FRP plate-to plate connection under tension loads. Bearing failure is pseudo-ductile failure giving audible acoustic emission warning before failures. Other failures such as net tension and cleavage are brittle failures which have to be avoided in such connections. Thus, the bearing mode of failure possesses the highest deformation capacity and may offer a damage tolerant bolted connection

Fig 3: Failure modes of single-bolt connection