PSI - Issue 70

Saravanakumar R. et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 319–326

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shrinkage. Although capillary pressure measurements are frequently used to assess how well concrete resists shrinkage, they have been restricted to pressures under 100 kPa, making it difficult to gather information about early age factors influencing concrete durability [Armin Jamali et.al. 2022] 2.2 Strength varions of self-curing UHPC The effects of clay content on different properties in concrete were investigated. Maximum particle size of 10 mm was employed for coarse aggregate and crushed limestone. Concretes made with coarse aggregates with a clay concentration of 0%, 1.5%, and 3% were designated as C0, C15, then C30 respectively. The aggregate utilized was normal sand with particle sizes reaching from 0.08 mm to 2 mm in accordance with ISO 679. The flexural strength, compressive strength increased 36.8%, 38.3% when the clay concentration was about 1.5% and 3%. Concrete but reduction in strength observed when the clay percentage rises increases the optimal content i.e more that 3% [Yuqi Zhou et.al.,2022]. It has been suggested that to use improved mix by placing a 6 mm concrete rings interior circumference that would reduce the pushing force brought in the reserved ring testing. To further examine the crack propagation process of the conventional and upgraded circle examinations, arithmetic limitations were conducted using the analysis software. The effectiveness of the enhanced ring tests in determining the fast possible of concrete below restricted reduction was confirmed by comparing the cracking ages and fracture locations amid the arithmetical and new data. The highest aggregate size for the concrete mix ratios employed in this investigation was 10 mm. At 28 days, concrete gained uniaxial compressive strength of 32.5 MPa in 23 o C curing temperature and relative humidity (RH) of 95%. The age at crack start dramatically decreased and the pre-set crack length was between 2 and 10 mm [Hua Rongetal., 2021]. The impact of the lime stone cement with adhesive (LC3) on the emergence of autogenic, ventilation, and overall reduction was assessed. By combining calcined clay and limestone in a weight-to-calcined-clay ratio of around 2:1, 44 weight percent of GPC was replaced among the three distinct concrete grades that were taken into account. Investigations were also done on the mechanical characteristics, such as the tensile and compressive strengths up to 28 days. To determine how well they applied to LC3 concrete, a number of models and criteria for mechanical qualities and shrinkage development were utilized. The calcined clay was replaced at 78.8 weight percent with high-grade calcined clay [QuangDieu Nguyen et al.,2022]. Shrinkage stress in concrete structures was determined when subjected to internal curing. This work introduces an integrated model for concrete shrinkage predictions due to autogenous and drying processes and the moisture distribution due to interior moisture in concrete is calculated using a model that simultaneously considers moisture diffusion and cement hydration. The reduction stress distribution is computed with the model for shrinkage stress for nonlinear straining along the lump thickness in concrete pavement. [Zhang Jun et al., 2018]. Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) shrinkage behavior was investigated in this work under different curing circumstances. To gather important information, it was also examined how the condition of curing affected the microstructure and sharing of the pore structures in UHPFRC. Two distinct kinds of embedded strain gauges were used to build and test a variety of prismatic UHPFRC samples that have been subjected to and sealed for ventilation reduction measurements. [Doo-YeolYoo et al., 2018] The FRA remained employed cutting-edge the midair dry disorder by estimated extra aquatic, which is equal to the change the moisture content in the air-dry state and the 70 % of the FRA 24 h water preoccupation. The values of test 0, test 0.25, test 0.5 then test 0.75 reflect the measured shrinkage stresses at thicknesses of 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75, respectively. During the first 100 days, the strains multiplied quickly before slowing down to a comparatively stable level. The shrinkage strains of EE specimens are dramatically increased by including FRA, with percentages ranging from 40% to 75% for 100% rFRA. The replacement ratio is 100%, and FRA's impact ranges from 40% to 75%, which is higher than CRA's range of 12% to 61% [Huan Zhang et al.,2022] Shrinkage property of concrete and creep below freeze thaw cycles was studied by Yang. The major goal of this study was to assess the belongings of intermediate wetting-drying procedures on two distinct concretes, Conventional then SCC. In terms of mass, the SCC is made up of 60% cinder, 22% blast-furnace scoria, 14% fly ash, then 4% location regulator. The steady mass appears to be attained between 250 and 400 days. Between 40% and 70% of standard strength concrete is capable of reversing shrinkage during the initial rewetting phase. After 365 days, the