PSI - Issue 5

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedirect.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 5 (2017) 1377–1384 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity, ICSI 2017, 4-7 September 2017, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Testing of Ultra-Low Cycle Fatigue at Complex Loading Scenarios Sven Nagel a *, Peter Knödel a , Thomas Ummenhofer a a KIT Steel & Lightweight Structures, Research Center for Steel, Timber & Masonry, Karlsruhe (Germany) Abstract This article describes systematic investigations on ULCF under multiaxial stress states and variable loading sequences as they occur under earthquake loading. The tests are performed on circular hollow sections (CHS) of structural steel S355 which are welded on baseplates. The multiaxial stress states are applied by bending respectively twisting the CHS, so that true strains up to 100 % per cycle and stress triaxialities between 0 and 0.6 occur. With this specimen and test setup arbitrary stress states in this range could be tested as well as predefined load sequences along different paths. In total 120 tests have been subjected to constant and variable amplitude loading. Different fracture modes and origins of fracture initiation have been observed. These experiments, their evaluation and documentation are presented within the article. © 2017 The Authors. Publishe by Elsevier B.V. Pe r-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. Keywords: Earthqu ke Engineering; Variable Ampli u es; Plasticity; Ultra-Low Cycle Fatigue; Damage; Testing; Welded Structures; 1. Introduction Structures subjected to earthquakes undergo irregular ground motions. These motions are transferred to the building itself in a way that frequencies and amplitudes are filtered by the dynamic behavior of the structure. Even in cases of simple static systems these motions can cause complex multiaxial stress states in structural components. As the aim of ea thquake resistance design f structures is t reduc the seismic loads by adding or assigning certain regions as dissipative steel elements, large inelastic strains occur on purpose in such parts. These deformations appear in multiple 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity, ICSI 2017, 4-7 September 2017, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Testing of Ultra-Low Cy le Fatigue at Complex Loading Scenari s Sven Nagel a *, Peter Knödel a , Thomas Ummenhofer a a KIT Steel & Lightweight Structures, Research Center for Steel, Timber & Masonry, Karlsruhe (Germany) Abstract This article describes system tic investig tions on ULCF und r multiaxial st ess states and variable loading equences as they occur und r earthquake loading. The tests re performed on circular hollow sections (CHS) of structural steel 355 which are welded on baseplates. The m ltiaxial ess sta es ar applied by bending respectively twisting the CHS, o that true strains up o 100 % pe cycle and stress triaxialities between 0 and 0.6 occ r. With this specimen and test setup arbitrary stress states in this range could be tested as well as pre fine load sequ ces along different paths. I t tal 120 tests have been subjected to constant and variable amplitude lo di g. Different frac ure modes and orig ns of fracture initiation have been observed. These experiments, their evaluation and documentation are presented within the article. © 2017 The Autho s. Publ shed by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. Keywords: Earthquake Engineering; Variable Amplitud s; Plasticity; Ultra-Low Cycle Fatigue; Damage; T ting; Welded Structures; 1. Introduction Structures subject d to earthquakes undergo irr gula ground motions. These m ti ns are t ansferred to the building itself in a way that frequencies and amplitudes are filtered by the dynamic behavior of the structure. Even in cases of simple static systems these motions can cause c plex multiaxial stress states in structural compon nts. As the aim of earthquak resistance desi n of stru tures i to reduce the seismic loads by adding or assigni g certain regions as dissipative steel elements, large in lastic strains occur on purpose in such parts. These deformations appear in multiple © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.07.201 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452 3216 © 2017 Th Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. * Correspon ing author. Tel.: +49 (0) 721 608 42207; fax: +49 (0) 721 608 44078. E-mail address: sven.nagel@kit.edu * Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 (0) 721 608 42207; fax: +49 (0) 721 608 44078. E-mail address: sven.nagel@kit.edu