PSI - Issue 44

ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect

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Procedia Structural Integrity 44 (2023) 2342–2349

XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy Seismic Performance of Double-Depth Automated Steel Rack Supported Warehouses in Low Seismicity Regions XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy Seismic Performance of Double-Depth Automated Steel Rack Supported Warehouses in Low Seismicity Regions

Marius Pinkawa a *, Cristian Vulcu a , Benno Hoffmeister a a RWTH Aachen University, Center for Wind and Earthquake Engineering, Aachen, Germany Marius Pinkawa a *, Cristian Vulcu a , Benno Hoffmeister a a RWTH Aachen University, Center for Wind and Earthquake Engineering, Aachen, Germany

© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy. Abstract With the growth of e-commerce, efficient storage of merchandise is essential. Automated Rack Supported Warehouses (ARSW) represent the future of storage technology, providing substantial savings in terms of cost, space, and energy with respect to traditional warehouses. However, there is still a lack of guidelines or design codes tailored to rack-supported warehouses, especially for seismic design purposes. Therefore, structural engineers refer to seismic design codes for buildings as well as conventional racks, without the guarantee that these codes are applicable to the typology of rack-supported warehouses. Moreover, due to the missing guidance, large differences exist in the design philosophies applied by the various manufacturers. In the scope of the STEELWAR project (Advanced structural solutions for automated STEELrack supported WARehouses) current design approaches as applied in practice have been assessed. Each of the five rack manufacturers participating in the STEELWAR project was asked to design a double-depth automated steel rack supported warehouse for low seismicity conditions, employing their typical design approach and their manufacturer-specific structural members. These design outcomes were then assessed by means of dynamic time history analyses. Within the current paper, the different design approaches are compared by evaluating the simulated seismic performance. Focus is given to the observed failure modes and the hierarchy of criticalities, i.e. the sequence of potential failure mechanisms. Differences between the several design approaches are highlighted and recommendations for an optimized seismic design are given. © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy Keywords: seismic design; steel racks; steel rack supported warehouses; automated rack supported warehouses (ARSW); low seismicity Abstract With the growth of e-commerce, efficient storage of merchandise is essential. Automated Rack Supported Warehouses (ARSW) represent the future of storage t chnology, providing substantial avings in terms of cost, space, and energy with respect to traditio al warehouses. H wever, there is still a lack of guide ines or design codes tailored to rack-supported warehouses, espec ally for seismic design pu pos s. Therefore, structural eng ers ref r to seismic design c des for buildings s well as conventional racks, without the guarantee that these codes are applicable t the typology of rack-supported w rehouses. Moreover, due to the missing guidance, large differ nces exi t in the design philosophies applied by the vari us manufacturer In the scope of the STEELWAR project (Advanc d structural solutions for automated STEELrack supported WAReho se ) current design approaches as applied in practice have been asse sed. Each of the fiv rack manufacturers participating in the STEELWAR project wa asked to design a doubl -d pth automated steel rack supported warehouse fo low seismicity conditions, em l ying their typical design approach and their manuf cturer-specifi str ctural memb rs. These design outcomes were hen assessed by means of dynamic time history analyses. Within the current paper, the different design approaches are compar d by valuating the imulated seismic perf rmance. Focus s given to th observed failure modes and the hierarchy of ritic lities, i. . the sequence of potential failure mechanisms. Differences between the se ral design approaches are highlighted and recommendations for an ptimized seismic design re given. © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review u der re ponsibility of scientific committe of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy K ywords: seismic design; steel racks; steel rack supported warehouses; automated rack supp rted war houses (ARSW); low seismicity

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 241 80 25667; fax: +49 241 80 22410. E-mail address: marius.pinkawa@rwth-aachen.de * Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 241 80 25667; fax: +49 241 80 22410. E-mail address: marius.pinkawa@rwth-aachen.de

2452-3216 © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy 2452-3216 © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy

2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy. 10.1016/j.prostr.2023.01.299