PSI - Issue 44

Massimiliano Ferraioli et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 44 (2023) 974–981 Massimiliano Ferraioli et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000

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Table 5. Earthquake records for Life Safety Limit State and Collapse Prevention Limit State. Life Safety Limit State

Collapse Prevention Limit State

a g (Y) [m/s 2 ]

N. ID

Earthquake Name

Date

M w Ep.Dist. [km]

a g (Y) [m/s 2 ]

N. ID Earthquake Name E1 334 Alkion E2 413 Kalamata

Date

M w Ep.Dist. [km]

a g (X) [m/s 2 ]

a g (X) [m/s 2 ]

24/02/1981 6.6 19 13/09/1986 5.9 10 15/09/1976 6.0 9 15/04/1979 6.9 21

2.838 1.671 2.108 2.909 0.439 0.362 1.069 0.932 1.774 2.199 0.199 0.274 3.680 3.557

E1 334 Alkion E2 133 Friuli

24/02/1981 6.6 19 15/09/1976 6.0 9 15/04/1979 6.9 21 21/06/2000 6.4 28 24/05/1979 6.2 8

2.838 1.671 1.069 0.932 1.774 2.199 0.513 0.386 0.199 0.274 1.172 2.624 1.526 1.725

E3 645 Umbria Marche 14/10/1997 5.6 26

E3 198 Montenegro

E4 133 Friuli

E4 6331 South Iceland 21/06/2000 6.4 22

E5 198 Montenegro

E5 6333 South Iceland E6 230 Montenegro

E6 6333 South Iceland 21/06/2000 6.4 28

E7 199 Montenegro

15/04/1979 6.9 16

E7 291 Campano Lucano 23/11/1980 6.9 16

150 250 350

150 250 350

150 250 350

150 250 350

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

-350 -250 -150 -50 50

-350 -250 -150 -50 50

-350 -250 -150 -50 50

-350 -250 -150 -50 50

Force (kN)

Force (kN)

Force (kN)

Force (kN)

SC-SMA 6 Floor 3

SC-SMA 6 Floor 4

SC-SMA 6 Floor 5

SC-SMA 6 Floor 6

-35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35

-35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35

-35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35

-35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35

Displacement [mm]

Displacement [mm]

Displacement [mm]

Displacement [mm]

150 250 350 450

150 250 350 450

150 250 350 450

150 250 350 450

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E7 E6

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E7 E6

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

-450 -350 -250 -150 -50 50

-450 -350 -250 -150 -50 50

-450 -350 -250 -150 -50 50

-450 -350 -250 -150 -50 50

Force (kN)

Force (kN)

Force (kN)

Force (kN)

SC-SMA 12 Floor 3

SC-SMA 12 Floor 4

SC-SMA 12 Floor 5

SC-SMA 12 Floor 6

-35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35

-35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35

-35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35

-35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35

Displacement [mm]

Displacement [mm]

Displacement [mm]

Displacement [mm]

Fig. 9. Hysteresis loops of SC-SMA dampers located in X-direction (N.6) and Y-direction (N.12)

-100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100

-100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100

-100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100

-100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100

LS DL E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

LS DL E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

LS DL E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

LS DL E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

Column 1 Floor 5

Column 1 Floor 6

Column 1 Floor 3

Column 1 Floor 4

Y-Interstory Drift [mm]

Y-Interstory Drift [mm]

Y-Interstory Drift [mm]

Y-Interstory Drift [mm]

-100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100

-100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100

-100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100

-100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100

X-Interstory Drift [mm]

X-Interstory Drift [mm]

X-Interstory Drift [mm]

X-Interstory Drift [mm]

75

75

75

75

LS DL E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

LS DL E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

LS DL E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

LS DL E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7

50

50

50

50

25

25

25

25

0

0

0

0

-25

-25

-25

-25

Y-Interstory Drift [mm]

Y-Interstory Drift [mm]

Y-Interstory Drift [mm]

Y-Interstorey Drift [mm]

-50

-50

-50

-50

Column 55 Floor 3

Column 55 Floor 4

Column 55 Floor 5

Column 55 Floor 6

-75

-75

-75

-75

-75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75

-75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75

-75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75

-75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75

X-Interstory Drift [mm]

X-Interstory Drift [mm]

X-Interstory Drift [mm]

X-Interstorey Drift [mm]

Fig. 10. Inter-story drift time histories compared to LS and DL limit domains.

6. Conclusions The paper studies the applicability of self-centering shape memory alloy braces for the seismic retrofit of a real complex RC building, and the effectiveness of an optimal design procedure that was applied so far for elasto-

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