PSI - Issue 41

Muhammad Arif Husni Mubarok et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 41 (2022) 282–289 Mubarok et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000

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(a) Honeycomb

(b) Stiffener

(c) Corrugated

Fig. 9. Comparison of different geometries at the time of the collision (von mises stress distribution)

Figure 10 shows that after the blast wave loading is completed, the plate begins to vibrate, while the kinetic energy of ALLKE increases and the strain energy of ALLSE begins to decrease. The strain energy is greatest when the plate is deformed the most and least when the plate is vibrating at other times. As the plastic strain energy of ALLPD reaches a steady state, it increases with time. As seen from the kinetic energy diagram, a second expansion of the plastic strain energy occurs as the plate recovers from its maximum deformation. Therefore, plastic deformation after blast wave loading can be observed. In ABAQUS, the deformation of an hourglass-shaped element is controlled by the quantity ALLAE (virtual strain energy). The results show that the plastic deformation of the tube corresponds to the deformation of the structure when the internal energy dissipates, and the total internal energy itself is much higher than the sum of the elastic strain energies. Therefore, it can be concluded that the virtual strain energy in this analysis is a type of quantum energy, including dissipative energy and elastic strain energy. ALLIE is the total internal strain energy (ALLSE+ALPD+ALLAE), including all internal energies (Reismann and Pawlik, 1991).

1x10 5 2x10 5 3x10 5 4x10 5 5x10 5 6x10 5 7x10 5 Energy Variable (J)

1.0x10 5

8.0x10 4

ALLSE ALLPD ALLKE ALLIE ALLAE

6.0x10 4

ALLAE ALLIE ALLKE ALLPD ALLSE

4.0x10 4

2.0x10 4 Energy Variable (J)

0.0

0

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

Time (s)

Time (s)

(a) Honeycomb

(b) Stiffener

5.0x10 4 1.0x10 5 1.5x10 5 2.0x10 5 2.5x10 5 3.0x10 5 3.5x10 5 4.0x10 5 Energy Variable (J)

ALLAE ALLIE ALLKE ALLPD ALLSE

-5.0x10 4 0.0

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

Time (s)

(c) Corrugated

Fig. 10. Comparison of the structure’s internal energy and kinetic energy.