PSI - Issue 22

H. Daou et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 22 (2019) 17–24

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H. Daou, W. Raphael, A. Chateauneuf, F. Geara/ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

Fig. 2. Ansys model of the terminal

isthmus connecting these two buildings formed the terminal. The collapsed zone was part of the boarding area which consists of 10 shells providing access to aircraft through nine gateways. Each shell is divided into 4 m width interlocking precast concrete arches of 30 cm thickness, 30 m wide and 26.2 m span. The shell is stiffened by using of ties that are held away from the shell by means of struts. The boarding area is surrounded by glass and is connected to the central area of the terminal by footbridges (see Fig. 1a). On May 23, 2004, six arches of the boarding area collapsed abruptly leaving four casualties (see Fig.1b). 1.2. Ansys finite element model Nine arches including the collapsed ones were modeled using Ansys taking into consideration structure complexity, material nonlinearity, holes in the shell, asymmetry of the structure and loads applied (see Fig. 2). Table 1 summaries the properties of materials used in this study. The random variables considered are the density, the compressive strength and the modulus of elasticity of concrete, the temperature and the wind velocity. The probability distributions of the variables are summarized in Table 2.

Table 1. Properties of materials (Raphael et al. (2012))

Concrete

Density

2.5 t/m 3 40 MPa 10 -5 K -1 7.85 t/m 3 460 MPa 10 -5 K -1 210 GPa 0.2

Compressive strength

Thermal expansion coefficient

Poisson’s ratio

Steel

Density

Yield stress

Thermal expansion coefficient

Young’s modulus

Po isson’s ratio

0.3

Table 2. Probability distributionsof the variables (Daou et al. (2019)) Variable mean

Coefficient of variation

Probability density function

Concrete density

2.5 t/m 3 40 MPa

0.1

Gauss

Concrete compressive strength Concrete modulus of elasticity

0.15 0.15

lognormal lognormal

33.34 GPa

Temperature Wind velocity

11 °C

0.612 0.352

Gumbel Gumbel

10.71 m/s