PSI - Issue 2_B

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com cienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 2 (2016) 3377–3384 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Transverse cracking in metal/ceramic composites with lamellar microstructure Maria Kashtalyan a 0 F *, Romana Piat b , Igor Guz a a Centre fo Micro- and Nanomechanics (CEMINACS), School of Engineering, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK b Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Germany Abstract Metal/ceramic composites with lamellar microstructures are a novel class of metal-matrix composites produced by infiltration of freeze-cast or ice-templated ceramic preforms with molten aluminium alloy. The cost-effectiveness of production and relatively high ceramic content make such composites attractive to a number of potential applications in the automotive, aerospace and biomedical engineering. A hierarchical lamellar microstructure exhibited by these composites, with randomly orientated domains in which all ceramic and metallic lamellae are parallel to each other, is the result of the ice crystal formation during freeze casting or ic templating of preforms from water-cera ic suspension . In this paper, a single-domain sample of metal/ceramic com osite with lamellar microstructure is modelled theoretically using a combination of analytical and computational means. Stress field i the sample ontaining multiple transverse cracks in the ceramic layer is determin d using a modified 2-D shear lag approach and a finite element method. Degradation of stiffness properties of the sample due to multiple transverse cracking is also predicted. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: Metal-matrix composites; transverse cracking; stiffness degradation 1. Introduction Metal/ceramic composites off r many advantages over monolithic etals and their alloys such as high specific stiffness and strength, better creep, fatigue and wear resistance, and good thermal properties. One of the new classes of metal/ceramic composites that have emerged in the recent decades are interpenetrating phase composites, in 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Transverse cracking in metal/ceramic composites with lamellar microstructure Maria Kashtalyan a 0 F *, Romana Piat b , Igor Guz a a Centre fo Micro- and Nanomechanics (CEMINACS), School of Engineering, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK b Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Univ sity of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Germany Abstract Metal/ceramic composites with lamellar microstructures are a novel class of metal-matrix composites produced by infiltration of freeze- ast or i e-templated ceramic preforms with molten aluminium all y. The cost-effe tiveness of production a d relatively high cer mic cont nt m ke such composites attractive o a nu ber of p tential applications i the automotive, erospace and b omedical engi e ring. A hierarchical lam ll r mi rostructure exhibited by these compos tes, with rando ly orientated dom i s in which all ceramic and m tallic lamella are parallel to each other, is the result of the ice cryst l f rmation during freeze casting or ice templati g of preforms from water-ceramic suspensions. In this paper, a singl -domain sa ple of metal/ceramic omposite with lamellar microst uctu e is mod ll d theoretically using a ombination of analytical and computa onal means. Stress f eld in the sample containing multiple tr nsverse cracks in the cer mic layer is determined using a modified 2-D sh ar lag approach and a finite e men method. Degrad tion of stiffn ss properti s f th sample due to multiple transverse cracking is lso predicte . © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under espons bility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: Metal-matrix composites; transverse cracking; stiffness degradation 1. Introduction Metal/ceramic composites offer many advantages over monolithic metals and their alloys such as high specific stiffn ss and strength, better creep, fatigue and wear resistance, an good thermal properties. One of the new classes of m tal/ceramic composites that h ve merged in the recent decades ar inter enet ating phase composites, in Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevi r B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://cr ativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +44-1224-272519. E-mail address: m.kashtalyan@abdn.ac.uk * Corresponding author. Tel.: +44-1224-272519. E-mail ad ress: m.kashta yan@abdn.ac.uk

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review und r responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer review under r sponsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.421