PSI - Issue 13

Felipe C. da Silva et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 13 (2018) 658–663 / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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occurs in the case of the films deposited on Al. In the case of films deposited on brass, the graded film and the film deposited under constant N2 flow present the same behavior, with a slight increase of adhesive strength in the case of the – 40 V bias. In the case of films deposited on Al, the use of grade films apparently cancel the effect of the bias. This could be a consequence of the N segregation to the interface, which could increase the adhesion in the interface, since this effect is probably independent of the bias, this result in an almost constant adhesion for these films. The effect of the substrate could be attributed either to the characteristics of the corresponding interfaces, or to the ability to develop compressive residual stresses in the films, which would counteract the applied stress. This requires, however, the analysis of the residual stresses in all conditions, which is still in course

a)

b)

c)

d)

Figure 2 – Final configurations of the films deposited on brass and aluminum substrates, submitted to the tensile tests: a) brass/bias = – 40 V (constant N2 flow); b) brass/bias = – 40 V (graded film); c) aluminum /bias = – 40 V (constant N2 flow);d) aluminum/bias = – 40 V (graded film

Table 4. Average crack separation after the tensile test for all deposition conditions. The results are averages of 3 samples for each condition and the uncertainty is estimated by the standard deviation of the data. Condition Average crack separation [μm] (Brass) Constant N 2 flow/ -40 V bias 13.9 +- 2.0

(Brass) Constant N 2 flow/ -75 V bias (Brass) Constant N 2 flow/ -100 V bias

15.5 +- 1.7 17.4 +- 1.1 13.8 +- 0.7 16.8 +- 2.0 16.0 +- 0.9 40 +- 0.1 26.8 +- 2.5 14.3 +- 0.1 33.3 +- 6.4 25 +- 3.9 33.3 +- 2.7

(Brass) Graded/ -40 V bias (Brass) Graded/ -75 V bias (Brass) Graded/ -100 V bias

(Aluminum) Constant N 2 flow/ -40 V bias (Aluminum) Constant N 2 flow/ -75 V bias (Aluminum) Constant N 2 flow/ -100 V bias

(Aluminum) Graded/ -40 V bias (Aluminum) Graded/ -75 V bias (Aluminum) Graded/ -100 V bias

Acknowledgments CGS acknowledges the financial help for the Sao Paulo State Research Funding Agency (FAPESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil) under grant 2016/25248 – 3.FCS acknowledges the financial help for the CAPES . References [1] - QIU MING, ZHANG YONG-ZHEN, SHANGGUAN BAO,DU SAN-MING, YAN ZHEN-WEI. The relationships between tribological behaviour and heat transfer capability of Ti6Al4V alloys. Wear 263 (2007) 653 – 657. [2]- OHRING, M. The Materials Science of thin films. Academic Press: Hoboken-NJ, 2002 . [3] - J. GERTH, U. WIKLUND, The influence of metallic interlayers on the adhesion of PVD TiN coatings on high-speed steel. Wear 264 (2008) 885 – 892 [4]- A.V. KOVALCHUK, S.V. KONSTANTINOV, H.A. TKACHENKO, F.F. KOMAROV, V.M. KONSTANTINOV, The effect of steel substrate pre-hardening on structural, mechanical, and tribological properties of magnetron sputtered TiN and TiAlN coatings. Wear 352-353 (2016) 92 – 101 [5]- C.Y.H. LIM, S.C. LIM, K.S. LEE, The performance of TiN-coated high speed steel tool inserts in turning. Tribology International 32 (1999) 393 – 398. [6]- N. K. PONON, D. J.R. APPLEBY, E. ARAC, P.J. KING, S. GANTI, K. S.K. KWA, A. O'NEILL. Effect of deposition conditions and post deposition anneal on reactively sputtered titanium nitride thin films. Thin Solid Films 578 (2015) 31 – 37 [7] – G. ZHAO, T. ZHANG, T. ZHANG, J. WANG, G. HAN. Electrical and optical properties of titanium nitride coatings prepared by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 354 (2008) 1272 – 1275.