PSI - Issue 12

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedire t.com Sci ceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 12 (2018) 1 2–112 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis Dynamic behavior of wind turbines. AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis Dynamic behavior of wind turbines.

XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. An on-board evaluation technique to monitor fatigue F. Cianetti a *, A. Cetrini a , M.L. Corradini b , G. Ippoliti c , G. Orlando c a University of Perugia - Department of Engineering, via Goffredo Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy b University of Camerino – Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologie, via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy c Università Politecnica delle Marche - Department of Information Engineering, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy The evaluation of fatigue behavior of wind turbines, that is of supporting structures, blades or gear boxes, is always performed off-line, by post processing experimental acquisitions or simulation results. Moreover, the evaluation of potentiality of smart controls, that have the aim to avoid failures by reducing loads and consequently fatigue stresses, is performed in the same way. In this paper is presented a tool that allows to on-line evaluate and foresight fatigue potential damage by simply on time processing reference signals such as tower top acceleration (typical experimental acquisition) or tower base bending moment (typical num rical measure). Thi evaluation technique is convert d into a well know numerical code, oriented to control systems (Simulink), to be us d i to multibo y simulati n by o- imulation approach. This step allow d to verify its capabiliti s and the p ssibility to r alize its physical prototype and t use its results as inpu v ri ble for active control strat g es or ented to minimize damage. As test case a standard 5 MW wind turbine and a classical control logic were used. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevi r B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Str ss Analysis. An on-board evaluation technique to monitor f tigue F. Cianetti a *, A. Cetrini a , M.L. Corradini b , G. Ippoliti c , G. Orlando c a University of Perugia - Department of Engineering, via Goffredo Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy b University of Camerino – Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologie, via Mad nna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy c Università Politecnica delle Marche - Department of Information Engi eering, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy Abstract The evaluation of fatigue behavior of wind turbines, that is of supporting structures, blades or gear boxes, is always performed off-line, by post processing experimental acquisitions or simulation results. Moreover, the evaluation of potentiality of s art controls, that have the aim to avoid failures by reducing loads and consequently fatigue stresses, is performed in the same way. In this paper is presented a tool that allows to on-line evaluate and foresight fatigue potential damage by simply on time proce sing reference signals such as tower top acceleration (typical experimental acquisition) or tower base bending moment (typical numerical measure). This evaluation technique is converted into a well kn w numerical code, oriented to ontrol systems (Simulink), to be used nto multibody simulation by co-simulation approach. This step allowed to verify its capabiliti s and the possibility to realiz its physical prototype and to use its results as input variable for active control strategies oriented to minimize damage. As test case a standard 5 MW wind turbine and a classical control logic were used. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. Abstract

© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: wind turbine; fatigue; damage evaluation; control systems Keywords: wind turbine; fatigue; damage evaluation; control systems

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-075-5853728; fax: +39-075-5853703. E-mail address: filippo.cianetti@unipg.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-075-5853728; fax: +39-075-5853703. E-mail address: filippo.cianetti@unipg.it

2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-revi w u er responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. 2452-3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review u der responsibility of t Scientific ommittee of AIAS 2018 Internati al Conference on Stress Analysis.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2018 International Conference on Stress Analysis. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.11.103