PSI - Issue 78

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 78 (2026) 1887–1894

© 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of XX ANIDIS Conference organizers Keywords: Smart sensors and monitoring systems; carbon-based fillers; concrete elements; structural health monitoring; carbon microfibers; 3D printed concrete; damage detection; bending tests. 1. Introduction 3D printing technology has become a prominent research topic in civil engineering, driven by its potential to increase productivity, reduce construction costs, enable the fabrication of complex geometries, and promote the use Abstract This paper investigates the influence of chopped carbon microfibers (CCMF) and 3D printing path strategy on the electrical conductivity and damage sensitivity of cement-based composites designed for structural health monitoring. The development of self-sensing, 3D-printed smart concretes is becoming increasingly important for monitoring the structural integrity of cementitious materials under dynamic loading conditions, such as earthquakes. These materials are particularly vulnerable to localized failures, often caused by inherent issues in the printing and curing processes. Such defects can compromise structural safety and limit service life, especially during critical events. To better understand these phenomena, the study evaluates the sensitivity to crack initiation and propagation of multifunctional beams with two in-plane printing strategies, with a transverse path (parallel to the short side) and a longitudinal path (along the long axis), offering insights into the effectiveness of each material–process combination in enabling reliable damage detection for the creation of resilient, smart concrete structures. XX ANIDIS Conference Effect of carbon fillers and printing path strategy on damage detection in 3D-printed smart concretes for structural health monitoring Antonella D’Alessandro a *, Israel Sousa a , Simon Laflamme b,c , Filippo Ubertini a a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti, 93 06125 Perugia (PG) Italy b Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA c Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-075-5853910; fax: +39-075-5853897. E-mail address: antonella.dalessandro@unipg.it

2452-3216 © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of XX ANIDIS Conference organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.240