PSI - Issue 78

Raffaele Laguardia et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 78 (2026) 678–685

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Fig. 1. Case Study adopted for numerical example: (A) Plan view of the building,(B) Transversal Frame and Brace arrangement, (C) Longitudinal Frame and Brace arrangement

Fig. 2. Optimization results against FCs: (A) Objective function and λ CP , (B) Independent Variables.

the cost of infills and the cost of BRB devices have a similar and higher impact whereas the cost of foundation works and steel components is an order of magnitude lower. As far as the environmental part is concerned, Figure 4 (B)