PSI - Issue 78

Giovanni Smiroldo et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 78 (2026) 1585–1592

1588

Table 1. Range of investigated parameters.

Parameter

Range

Moment Magnitude (M w )

5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5

Distance R (km)

5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, 100

Local soil category (EC8) Source-Receivers angles (°) Number of rupture processes

A, B, C (real stratigraphy, different for each fault)

0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300

10, random (different random seed)

The parameter space of these variables includes a total of 6,300 distinct simulated seismic events and covers a broad range of probable future scenarios. Fault parameters utilized in the simulations are taken from the DISS database (DISS Working Group, 2021), which collects single seismogenic sources for Italy and adjacent areas. As the simulations refer to different magnitudes, fault lengths are computed based on known scaling laws, which connect moment magnitude with rupture area and aspect ratio (Wells & Coppersmith, 1994). Each simulation considers a unique combination of parameters as in Table 2.

Table 2. Parameters of the ITIS131 fault geometries.

ITIS131 Paganica Normal

DISS – ID

Name

Faulting Style Length [km] Width [km] Min depth [km]

14

9.5

3

108

Strike [deg] Dip [deg] Rake [deg]

43

275

For all of the possible combinations, ten rupture realizations with a random slip distribution are created to represent the uncertainty of fault rupture processes. The source spectrum follows the model of (Magrin et al., 2016), and the average Mach number (rupture velocity over shear wave velocity) is 0.8, which is characteristic for real earthquakes. Receiver deployment is also well designed. 42 receivers are deployed in a radial array at 60° intervals, to provide broad azimuthal coverage across the fault and allow the study of directivity effects and wavefield heterogeneity as per Fig. 2.