Issue 77

Y. C. Arun et alii, Fracture and Structural Integrity, 77 (2026) 316-339; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.77.19

synergistic improvement in hardness and ILSS at optimal CNF concentration improves load-bearing capacity and structural integrity, consequently lowering wear in accordance with Archard's principle.

Figure 7: Main effect plots for wear loss.

Interaction plots for wear loss The interaction effects of process parameters on wear loss are shown in Fig. 8, emphasizing the combined impact of operating conditions. There is a significant connection between load and SV, with wear loss increasing more sharply at higher loads and higher velocities because of increased surface damage and frictional heating. Similarly, wear is much higher at higher loads with finer abrasives, demonstrating severe micro-cutting and ploughing mechanisms, according to the interplay between load and SiC particle size. Higher velocities and higher SiC particle sizes result in the greatest wear loss, demonstrating the significant interaction between SV and SiC particle sizes that was found in the ANOVA. On the other hand, interactions involving abrading distance (AD) are rather modest, exhibiting merely a slow rise in wear with increasing distance independent of other variables. There is a discernible relationship between filler content and load and SV, with optimal filler loading (about 0.8 wt%) consistently leading to reduced wear under various circumstances. But compared to SV and SiC particle size, the effect is less sensitive, indicating that CNFs mainly increase wear resistance by stabilizing the surface rather than drastically changing the interaction trends. Overall, the plots show that wear loss is very sensitive to the combined impacts of SiC particle size, SV, and load, while CNF incorporation reduces wear in all scenarios, with appropriate filler loading showing the best results.

Figure 8: Interaction plots for wear loss.

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