PSI - Issue 77

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2026) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 77 (2026) 26–33

© 2026 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ICSI organizers Forming-induced ductile damage, such as the formation and growth of voids, has been largely ignored in commercial component design, resulting in the potential for lightweighting not being fully exploited. Forming-induced ductile damage has also been shown to have a significant impact on the fatigue properties and therefore performance of components. The evolution of damage under mechanical stress and its impact on fatigue performance is therefore essential for optimizing component design and maximizing the economic potential of lightweight construction. In this paper, microstructural changes are analyzed in-situ under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) using a tension compression module. The focus is on the interaction between different load paths, forming-induced ductile damage and microstructural features such as voids or manganese sulfides. Quantitative damage analysis based on image data and AI-image segmentation allows precise quantification of the load path-dependent damage accumulation. The insights gained provide a deeper understanding of the impact of forming-induced ductile damage on load path dependent damage mechanisms in both forming processes and fatigue testing. © 2026 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ICSI organizers Keywords: Forming-induced ductile damage; n-situ testing; damage evolution; forming process International Conference on Structural Integrity Quantification of the load path-dependent damage development in case hardening steel 16MnCrS5 L. A. Lingnau a, *, J. Heermant a , L. M. Sauer a , J. L. Otto a , F. Walther a a TU Dortmund University, Chair of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), Baroper Straße 303, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany Abstract

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 231 755 8452; fax: +49 231 755 8029. E-mail address: lars.lingnau@tu-dortmund.de

2452-3216 © 2026 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ICSI organizers

2452-3216 © 2026 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ICSI organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.005