PSI - Issue 77

Zihao Liu et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 77 (2026) 190–197 Z. Liu et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2026) 000–000

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Fig. 2. Structure of mechanical FEA model with USDFLD subroutine

3 Results and discussion 3.1 Morphology evolution in models with different mechanical stimuli

For both X- and Z-shaped models, under the applied load (see Fig. 1), the mechanical stimuli were distributed non uniformly in models with three studied mechanical stimuli - the deviatoric and volumetric SED and von Mises stress - during the evolution of trabeculae morphology, underscoring the use of the non-uniformity models. Under compressive load, the Z-shaped model showed a delay in resorption (Fig. 3). With the use of three studied dimensionless stimuli, the von Mises-based model resulted in a higher bone mass, while the model employing the total SED had the lowest levels of bone mass and trabecular thickness.

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