PSI - Issue 71

Sphurty Raman et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 71 (2025) 409–416

411

72.5

2.43 320 1100 < 75

SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 CaO MgO Na 2 O

Specific Gravity

1.5 0.4 9.7 3.3

Fineness (m

2 /kg)

Bulk Density (kg/m 3 ) Particle Size (μm)

13.2

0.4

K 2 O

2.2 Mix Proportions The M20 grade concrete mix design adhered to IS 10262:2009 guidelines. The control mix (R0) used a 1:1.5:3 ratio (cement:FA:CA) by weight, with a 0.50 water-cement ratio. RCA replaced NCA at 20%, 40%, and 60%, while WGP substituted fine aggregate at 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 40% by weight (Htet et al., 2022; Arivalagan and Sethuraman, 2021). Table 5 shows all mix proportions. Table 5. Mix Proportions for Concrete Mixtures (kg/m^3) Mix ID Cement FA NCA RCA WGP Water R0 380 570 1140 0 0 190 R20 380 570 912 228 0 190 R40 380 570 684 456 0 190 R60 380 570 456 684 0 190 R40G10 380 513 684 456 57 190 R40G20 380 456 684 456 114 190 R40G25 380 427.5 684 456 142.5 190 R40G30 380 399 684 456 171 190 R40G40 380 342 684 456 228 190 *FA: Fine Aggregate, NCA: Natural Coarse Aggregate, RCA: Recycled Coarse Aggregate, WGP: Waste Glass Powder

Fig. 1 Particle Size Distribution Curves for Fine Aggregate (FA), Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA), Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA), and Waste Glass Powder (WGP) Figure 1 illustrates the particle size distribution curves for fine aggregate, NCA, RCA, and WGP, providing a visual comparison of the gradation of these materials. This study carefully selected and characterised the materials to ensure consistency and reliability in the experimental results. The incorporation of RCA and WGP as partial replacements for natural aggregates aims to promote sustainability in concrete production while maintaining acceptable performance characteristics (Htet et al., 2022; Arivalagan and Sethuraman, 2021). 3. Results and Discussion