PSI - Issue 71

Sphurty Raman et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 71 (2025) 409–416

410

(Shah et al., 2021; Kim et al., 2018). Two materials gaining considerable attention are Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) and Waste Glass Powder (WGP). RCA, obtained from demolished concrete structures, can partially replace natural coarse aggregates (Xiao et al., 2012; Etxeberria et al., 2007), while finely ground WGP can substitute a portion of fine aggregates in concrete mixtures (Shi and Zheng, 2007; Lee et al., 2018). However, incorporating these materials affects concrete properties in complex ways. Studies have shown that using RCA as a coarse aggregate replacement can reduce concrete strength and durability due to the weak mortar attached to the recycled aggregates (Rahal, 2007; Kwan et al., 2012). The effects of WGP on concrete properties are less clear, with some studies reporting strength improvements at optimal dosages (Nassar and Soroushian, 2012; Kamali and Ghahremaninezhad, 2015), while others note potential durability concerns (Cassar and Camilleri, 2012; Aliabdo et al., 2016). This study aims to address the knowledge gap regarding the combined effects of RCA and WGP in concrete mixtures (Bostanci et al., 2020). By examining a wide range of replacement levels for both RCA and WGP, this research seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these materials interact and influence concrete performance. The study will focus on key properties including compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, workability, and water absorption (Arivalagan and Sethuraman, 2021; Kim et al., 2018; Mostofinejad et al., 2020). The experimental program is designed to systematically evaluate the effects of RCA and WGP across various replacement levels. By maintaining a consistent water-cement ratio and using superplasticizer to aid workability, the study aims to isolate the effects of the recycled materials (Etxeberria et al., 2007; Paul et al., 2022). The comprehensive testing regime will provide a holistic view of concrete performance with these sustainable alternatives (Zhou and Chen, 2017; Gebremariam et al., 2021). This research is motivated by the urgent need to reduce the environmental impact of concrete production while meeting the growing demand for construction materials (Htet et al., 2022; Mostofinejad et al., 2020). The findings could have significant implications for waste management in the construction industry, natural resource conservation, and the reduction of the carbon footprint associated with concrete production (Paul et al., 2022; Arivalagan and Sethuraman, 2021; Kim et al., 2018). 2. Material Overview and Experimental Methodology 2.1 Materials The study employed 43-grade Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) conforming to IS 12269:1989 and Zone II natural river sand (IS 383:1970) as fine aggregate. Coarse aggregates included 20 mm crushed granite stones (NCA) and recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) processed to 20 mm (Htet et al., 2022). Waste glass powder (WGP) was prepared by crushing and sieving through a 2.36 mm mesh (Arivalagan and Sethuraman, 2021). Potable water meeting IS 456:2000 standard was used. Tables 1-4 detail the materials ’ properties and composition.

Table 2 Physical Properties of Fine Aggregate

Table 3 Physical Properties of Natural and Recycled Coarse Aggregates

Table 1 Physical Properties of Cement

Property Specific Gravity Water Absorptio n Bulk Density Impact Value Crushing Value

NCA RCA

Property Value Specific Gravity 3.15 Normal Consistency 30% Initial Setting Time 45 min Final Setting Time 375 min

2.68

2.45

Property Specific Gravity Fineness Modulus

Value

2.54

0.6% 5.28 %

2.86

1580 1410

1.2%

Water Absorption Bulk Density

18.5 % 22.3 %

24.8 % 29.6 %

1620 kg/m 3

Fineness (m 2 /kg)

225

*NCA: Natural Coarse Aggregate, RCA: Recycled Coarse Aggregate

Table 4 Chemical Composition and Physical Properties of Waste Glass Powder

Chemical Composition Percentage (%)

Physical Property Value