PSI - Issue 71

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ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 71 (2025) 164–171

5 th International Structural Integrity Conference & Exhibition (SICE 2024)

1. Introduction Rubber or rubber-like materials are generally, made up of soft polymers and these soft polymers are connected to cross linked molecular chain networks. Due to their high elastic properties, these types of material are also called elastomers (Khajehsaeid et al., 2013). These elastomers show excellent mechanical properties such as high elasticity, large deformation, high efficiency, etc. (Fu et al., 2017). The availability of these kinds of materials is high at very low cost. Rubber elastomers are widely used for so many applications field just as vibration isolation, medical, robotics, aerospace, ballistic, crash, etc. (Bergström and Boyce, 1999; Marckmann and Verron, 2006). Rubber or similar types of material obey the continuum-mechanics-based hyperelasticity approach in which the stress-stretch relation is defined by strain energy density functions (Destrade et al., 2017; Khajehsaeid et al., 2013; Singh et al., 2023). (Marckmann and Verron, 2006) began a comparison of twenty hyperelastic models. They used two experimental data sets to evaluate which model best fit the data, and based on this, a ranking of the models was established. Now in the field of ballistic impact natural and artificial elastomer rubber are widely used for their high energy-absorbing capacity. (Steinmann et ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: deepukumarsingh1995@gmail.com Keywords: Ballistic impact; Natural rubber; Damage model . Abstract Finite element analysis was performed to explore the perforation behaviour of the natural rubber sheets against the conical nose projectile. The mass and diameter of the impactor were 5 gm and 7.62 mm, respectively. The natural rubber sheet was 100×100 mm 2 , and three different thicknesses were used for the ballistic shot under normal impact. To perform the numerical simulations, a commercial finite element code LS-Dyna was employed. To simulate the perforation of the natural rubber material, the Mooney-Rivlin model was employed, and for bullet rigid model was used. The performance of the sheet was evaluated based on energy absorption, ballistic limit, and residual velocity. The FEA damage model results were found to be closely correlated with existing numerical results based on the literature. © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SICE 2024 organizers Numerical Study on Ballistic Impact Behaviour of Natural Rubber Deepu Kumar Singh ȗ , Gaurav Tiwari Department of Mechanical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur-440010, India .

2452-3216 © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SICE 2024 organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2025.08.023