PSI - Issue 68

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2025) 000–000

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ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 68 (2025) 603–609

European Conference on Fracture 2024 Orthotropic Mechanical Behavior of 3D Printed Ceramics: Experimental Analysis and Testing

A. Jiménez a *, B. Hortigón b , E. Vázquez a , C. Rivera a , C. Galán a a University of Seville, School of Architecture, Av. de la Reina Mercedes, 2, 41012 Seville, Spain b University of Seville, Polytechnic School, C. Virgen de África, 7, 41011, Seville, Spain

Abstract 3D printing with clay using Liquid Deposition Modelling has garnered significant attention, particularly in the construction industry, for fabricating ceramic and non-sintered elements. While previous studies have investigated the mechanical properties of 3D-printed ceramics, a comprehensive characterization of this material as a composite-like structure exhibiting orthotropic behavior, induced by the printing process, is still lacking. Such characterization is essential for developing finite element models to simulate the behavior of complex surfaces printed with parallel traces. To address this gap, clay specimens were 3D-printed with varying trace orientations, sintered at 980°C, and tested for flexural and compressive strength in the X, Y, and Z directions using three-point bending and compression tests. Ultrasonic testing was also conducted to evaluate its potential for determining mechanical properties and structural integrity. This study provides foundational insights into the mechanical behavior of 3D-printed ceramics, paving the way for further advancements in their applications. © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ECF24 organizers Keywords: ceramics; additive manufacturing; 3D printing; mechanical properties © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ECF24 organizers

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +34 670767015. E-mail address: ajimenez30@us.es

2452-3216 © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ECF24 organizers

2452-3216 © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ECF24 organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2025.06.104