PSI - Issue 62

Marco Perazzi et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 62 (2024) 225–232 M. Perazzi et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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system which includes both interactions with other port systems, and interactions with land transport systems. The port must guarantee the entry and exit of ships, their stopping for carrying out the related loading/unloading operations and must be equipped with suitable yards for the storage of goods and exchange terminals with other means of land transport (intermodal terminals, interports). Rail and road connections are therefore essential to guarantee the specific function of the port in terms of transport continuity and connection with the hinterland. The port structure can be divided into blocks, which have different functions: • Buoy fields outside the port maritime perimeter • Forane defense works and maneuver channel • Piers and mooring docks • Equipment for loading and unloading: unloaders, STS cranes, self-propelled cranes, RMG yard cranes • Goods handling and/or parking yards • Internal port roads • Intermodal terminals • Port entry/exit gates The Port Master Plan is the planning tool in which the different functions and infrastructures that characterize the port basin are identified. The transport networks in the port area are regulated by specific port legislation and their management and maintenance is the responsibility of different subjects depending on the function. Safety management in the port sector is the responsibility of different subjects, and this makes its integration across the different modes complex because, to date, there is no shared management standard for the interfaces.

3.1 Transport network and road infrastructure The road transport network in the port area is made up of the following macro-elements:

Port yards for loading goods by road Internal road network of port concessionaires

• • •

Port public roads

• Infrastructural works such as bridges, viaducts and tunnels • Road port gates (including those for exceptional vehicles)

From a management perspective, the Port Systems Autorithies are responsible for the construction of the infrastructures and the maintenance of those intended for public use, while the transport network within the port terminals is the responsibility of the concessionaires. The Port Commander regulates road traffic in the port area through specific Ordinances and carries out Administrative Police activities. In the port area, two distinct areas are identified on which two different rules have their effects: the concession spaces (operational areas) to which the Navigation Code applies and the spaces for public use to which the Road Code applies. There is a prevalence criterion according to which, between these two areas, the one intended for public roads is functional to the port one, so the relative needs remain subordinate to the port needs. In the operational areas the prevailing need is the completion of "orderly and safe port operations and manoeuvres" pursuant to the Navigation Code.

3.2 Transport network and railway infrastructure The railway transport network in the port area is made up of the following macro-elements: • Railway network under concession to port terminal operators, connected to the docks • Intermodal rail freight loading terminals • Port railway network • Infrastructural works such as bridges, viaducts and tunnels • Railway port gates