PSI - Issue 59

O. Fomin et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 59 (2024) 523–530

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O. Fomin et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000

1. Introduction The maintenance of depot wagons should adhere to standard technological procedures and processes established for the production areas of the repair enterprise. These procedures are developed in compliance with regulatory documentation and are subject to approval by the railway administration divisions. Repair work on specific components and assemblies of wagons must strictly follow the guidelines outlined in the regulatory documentation. The scheduling of depot repairs is meticulously planned, with staging conducted in alignment with both regulatory and technical specifications. Open wagons are designed for transporting commodities such as coal, ore, wood, rolled metals, and other bulk or artificial materials that don't necessitate coverage or protection from atmospheric conditions. The absence of a roof in the open wagon's structure facilitates the efficient use of various mechanized methods during both loading and unloading operations. The serviceable condition of the rolling stock in operation is an indispensable condition for its normal content. According to the rules of technical operation, it is forbidden to put into operation and allow rolling stock to travel on trains, which has malfunctions that threaten the safety of traffic, as well as to put freight wagons in trains, the condition of which does not ensure the safety of the goods being transported Sosunov 2006; Fomin 2015; Fomin et al., (2023); Fomin et al. (2016). The responsibility for the quality of the performed maintenance, repair and safety of wagon movement rests with the workers who directly carry out maintenance and repairs, as well as with foremen, heads of factories, depots, workshops, stations for preparing wagons for transportation, and maintenance stations. The issues of optimization and improvement of freight wagon bodies are covered in the articles Kondratiev et al. (2021), Yakovlieva et al. (2020), Yakovlieva et al. (2016), Gerlici et al. (2022), and Borzilov 2011. The specified improvements are aimed at extending the service life of the wagons. The work also offers devices for the repair of open wagon bodies to ensure quick and high-quality technical inspection and repair. The authors of the article carried out an analytical review of publications on the issues of ensuring the strength of load-bearing structures of wagons under operating modes of loads Fomin et al. (2023), Gubarevych et al. (2022), and Fomin et al. (2016). The analysis of literary sources Sosunov 2006, Fomin et al. (2023), Fomin et al. (2016), Sokolov et al. (2021), Voronenko et al. (2022) and Borzilov 2011 allows us to conclude that until now the issues of improving and improving the strength of load-bearing structures of wagons by improving the main load-bearing elements of bodies and using composite materials have not been covered. This makes it necessary to carry out appropriate research and development in the specified direction. 2. Methodology The purpose of the work is to analyze the means of repair of typical and composite open wagon bodies. To

achieve the goal, a number of tasks must be completed: 1. requirements for the repair of open wagon bodies; 2. requirements for the repair of freight wagon frames;

3. typical and prospective (composite) designs of open wagon bodies; 4. equipment for the repair of typical and composite open wagon bodies; 5. the use of composite materials abroad and their repair in wagon/car construction; 6. the body strength calculations of the open-wagon. 3. Results and discussion

Open wagons are categorized into two main types: universal wagons, equipped with unloading hatches in the floor, and specialized wagons featuring a hollow body, characterized by the absence of hatch covers in the floor and hollow end walls. Specifically, specialized open wagons with a hollow body (Fig. 1) are purpose-built for transporting bulk cargo along closed routes where unloading is conducted using wagon dumpers.