PSI - Issue 54

Wojciech Skarka et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 54 (2024) 490–497 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

492

3

constructed from jute – epoxy woven fabric with 0.35 mm and had a thickness of 2.3 mm. The triangular gap in the joint region, situated between the web, base panel, and stingers, was filled with epoxy resin.

Fig. 1. Sandwich T-joint CAD model

The mechanical properties of the natural jute fibers are used for the sandwich faces and stringers are summarized in Table 1. Table 1. Mechanical properties of composite materials

Material type

E 1 (G Pa)

E 2 (G Pa)

X t ( MPa)

X c ( MPa)

ν 12

τ 12 (MPa)

Y t , (MPa) Y c (MPa)

Jute fiber

13-25

0.45

42.44 200

57.26

4.20

5.70

0.36

-

PVC foam core Honeycomb core

0.07

0.07

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

0.3

26.9 1E-6

0.001

0.001

0.49

Epoxy resin

35

-

0.3

36

2.1. structural failure of the laminates Composite materials are recognized for their combination of being lightweight and possessing high strength, surpassing the mechanical attributes of alternative materials such as aluminium. These characteristics exhibit variation in both transverse and longitudinal orientations; however, in certain extreme conditions, composites may experience stability issues or cause structural harm. Kumpati et al. (2021) addressed the material characterization methods, Composite materials are particularly susceptible to damage in two specific scenarios: when material impairment initiates from a minor crack (you can mention it as imperfection from manufacturing process), followed by the spread of damage, and such challenges manifest prior to the actual composite material being damaged. The criteria for failure in composite laminates are mathematically expressed as delineated in equations Goumgh et al. (2022), Alawar et al. (2007) and Alves et al. (2011). Natural fiber composite tension/shear (direction 1)