PSI - Issue 53

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Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

Procedia Structural Integrity 53 (2024) 278–284

© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ESIAM23 chairpersons Microstructural and mechanical characterizations were performed on a transversal section across the printed wall, starting from 2 mm above the substrate-print interface to the topmost region. This selection was done on purpose to eliminate the effect of dilution and mixing the chemical composition with the substrate material. Moreover, two distinct points were selected, i.e., zone A that is very close to the bottom of the cross section, and zone B that is very close to the topmost region of the similar section. The structure of these zones analyzed by Electron Backscatter Diffraction analysis confirmed that the grain growth is dominant in the topmost region, associated with the heat accumulation along building direction. Moreover, the microstructure including the size and morphology of dendrites, grain structure and phase evolution were studied from the bottom to the top. The observations were consistent with the hardness measurements from the bottom to the topmost region. © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ESIAM23 chairpersons +351 229537352 Keywords: Inconel 625 nickel superalloy; characterization, laser direct energy deposition; thin-walled; hardness The application of Directed Energy Deposition (DED) as an additive manufacturing approach involves printing layer by layer, involving short and/or long paths depending on the part dimensions. This production methodology involves heat dissipation which essentially occurs along the building direction; however, depending on the strategy, the heat distribution in the material can be uniform or not. This study involved printing an almost thin-walled structure (133x7x30 mm) of a nickel superalloy (a commercial Inconel 625 powder) on an AISI 4140 steel substrate. The print was carried out applying a continuous zig-zag strategy without pre heating. Microstructural and mechanical characterizations were performed on a transversal section across the printed wall, starting from 2 mm above the substrate-print interface to the topmost region. This selection was done on purpose to eliminate the effect of dilution and mixing the chemical composition with the substrate material. Moreover, two distinct points were selected, i.e., zone A that is very close to the bottom of the cross section, and zone B that is very close to the topmost region of the similar section. The structure of these zones analyzed by Electron Backscatter Diffraction analysis confirmed that the grain growth is dominant in the topmost region, associated with the heat accumulation along building direction. Moreover, the microstructure including the size and morphology of dendrites, grain structure and phase evolution were studied from the bottom to the top. The observations were consistent with the hardness measurements from the bottom to the topmost region. © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ESIAM23 chairpersons +351 229537352 Keywords: Inconel 625 nickel superalloy; characterization, laser direct energy deposition; thin-walled; hardness Third European Conference on the Structural Integrity of Additively Manufactures Materials (ESIAM23) Effect of Heat Accumulation on the Microstructural Evolution in Third European Conference on the Structural Integrity of Additively Manufactures Materials (ESIAM23) Effect of Heat Accumulation on the Microstructural Evolution in Inconel 625 Superalloy Printed by DED Process Omid Emadinia 1,2 * Fahad Zafar 1,2 , Felipe Fiorentin 1 , and Ana Reis 1,2 1 LAETA/INEGI: Instituto de Ciência e Inovação em Engenharia Mecânica e Engenharia Industrial, Campus da FEUP, R. Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal 2 Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, s/n, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal *Correspondence: oemadinia@inegi.up.pt Inconel 625 Superalloy Printed by DED Process Omid Emadinia 1,2 * Fahad Zafar 1,2 , Felipe Fiorentin 1 , and Ana Reis 1,2 1 LAETA/INEGI: Instituto de Ciência e Inovação em Engenharia Mecânica e Engenharia Industrial, Campus da FEUP, R. Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal 2 Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, s/n, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal *Correspondence: oemadinia@inegi.up.pt Abstract Abstract The application of Directed Energy Deposition (DED) as an additive manufacturing approach involves printing layer by layer, involving short and/or long paths depending on the part dimensions. This production methodology involves heat dissipation which essentially occurs along the building direction; however, depending on the strategy, the heat distribution in the material can be uniform or not. This study involved printing an almost thin-walled structure (133x7x30 mm) of a nickel superalloy (a commercial Inconel 625 powder) on an AISI 4140 steel substrate. The print was carried out applying a continuous zig-zag strategy without pre heating.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351-229-578-710; fax: +351-229-537-352. E-mail address: oemadinia@inegi.up.pt * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351-229-578-710; fax: +351-229-537-352. E-mail address: oemadinia@inegi.up.pt

2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4. 0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ESIAM23 chairpersons 2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4. 0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the ESIAM23 chairpersons

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