PSI - Issue 47

Adriansyah Bagus Aryanto et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 47 (2023) 159–167 Aryanto et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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Fig. 5. Numerical configurations: (a) boundary condition of the specimen, and (b) applied amplitude in ABAQUS.

4. Results and discussion Mesh convergence buckling simulation results (see Fig. 6(a)) show a stable mesh in the mesh element 129382 with the first buckling load factor value of 2.9503. The more mesh elements produced, the more convergent the value of the first buckling load factor. In the 2823 mesh element, the value of the first buckling load factor is still high at 5.6164. This value decreases drastically as the number of mesh elements increases. Simulation of convergent buckling between mesh elements 120000 to mesh element 350000.

Fig. 6. Results of mesh convergence: (a) the first buckling load factor buckling, and (b) stress static general. From the results of the general static simulation as displayed in Fig 6(b), the more mesh elements produced, the more stable the stress value that appears. In the 3493 mesh element, the stress value is still high at 60.5605 N. This value is dropping more and more directly in the mesh element 9619. There is an increase in the mesh element 14445. This increase is not high. The stress number starts to stabilize when it reaches the mesh element 18000, and so on. General static simulation for stress starts to stabilize between 18000 to 90000 mesh elements.

Fig. 7. Comparison of the benchmarking: (a) occurred damage on the experiment, and (b) contours from finite element calculation.