PSI - Issue 64

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Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 64 (2024) 621–628

SMAR 2024 – 7th International Conference on Smart Monitoring, Assessment and Rehabilitation of Civil Structures FEA for improved implementation of IRT for monitoring of concrete bridges Pedram M. a *, Taylor S. a , Robinson D. a , Hamill G. a a School of Natural and Built Environment , Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom Abstract Infrared thermography (IRT) is a non-destructive technique (NDT) with the potential for contactless and wide-area monitoring of concrete structures like bridges in transportation networks. Dealing with practical challenges of IRT such as the determination of a favourable timeframe for data collection, detection of defects of various types and geometry, differentiation of the true concrete defects from environmental and operational effects, and so on only by laboratory experiments is time-consuming, arduous, and costly. Therefore, finite element analysis (FEA) is an indispensable tool for complementing laboratory experiments and addressing the practical challenges facing the implementation of IRT for structural health monitoring (SHM) of concrete structures. This paper presents the FEA of concrete slabs with subsurface defects in the LUSAS software. The FE models are validated based on surface temperatures of concrete slabs with subsurface defects measured in the laboratory by an infrared camera and used to estimate the variation of thermal contrast on the surface with depth of defect. In addition, they are used to estimate the amount of energy required for the creation of minimum safe detectable thermal contrast recommended by ASTM D4788-03 standard (0.5°C) and other criteria. Such FEA estimations will provide a basis for decision-making, feasibility assessment, and improving the practical implementation of IRT, especially for early-stage detection of defects at rebar depth. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers SMAR 2024 – 7th International Conference on Smart Monitoring, Assessment and Rehabilitation of Civil Structures concrete bridges Pedram M. a *, Taylor S. a , Robinson D. a , Hamill G. a a School of Natural and Built Environment , Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom Abstract Infrared thermography (IRT) is a non-destructive technique (NDT) with the potential for contactless and wide-area monitoring of concrete structures like bridges in transportation networks. Dealing with practical challenges of IRT such as the determination of a favourable timeframe for data collection, detection of defects of various types and geometry, differentiation of the true concrete defects from environmental and operational effects, and so on only by laboratory experiments is time-consuming, arduous, and costly. Therefore, finite element analysis (FEA) is an indispensable tool for complementing laboratory experiments and addressing the practical challenges facing the implementation of IRT for structural health monitoring (SHM) of concrete structures. This paper presents the FEA of concrete slabs with subsurface defects in the LUSAS software. The FE models are validated based on surface temperatures of concrete slabs with subsurface defects measured in the laboratory by an infrared camera and used to estimate the variation of thermal contrast on the surface with depth of defect. In addition, they are used to estimate the amount of energy required for the creation of minimum safe detectable thermal contrast recommended by ASTM D4788-03 standard (0.5°C) and other criteria. Such FEA estimations will provide a basis for decision-making, feasibility assessment, and improving the practical implementation of IRT, especially for early-stage detection of defects at rebar depth. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 (0)2890974010. E-mail address: m.pedram@qub.ac.uk * Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 (0)2890974010. E-mail address: m.pedram@qub.ac.uk

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers

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