PSI - Issue 64

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ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ŝƌĞĐƚ Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ŝƌĞĐƚ

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

Procedia Structural Integrity 64 (2024) 400–408

SMAR 2024 – 7th International Conference on Smart Monitoring, Assessement and Rehabilitation of Civil Structures Activation strategies for glass-to-iron-based shape memory alloy adhesively bonded joints Zhikang Deng a, *, Lingzhen Li a,b,d , Vlad-Alexandru Silvestru a , Elyas Ghafoori b,c , Andreas Taras a a Institute of Structural Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland b Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Duebendorf 8600, Switzerland c Institute for Steel Construction, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover 30159, Germany d Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China Abstract Previous research has demonstrated the potential of improving the performance of glass beams through pre-stressed bonded iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) tendons. The pre-stressing of bonded Fe-SMA tendons significantly enhanced both the initial glass cracking load and the residual load-bearing capacity of glass beams, compared with unstrengthened ones. To achieve the desired pre-stress level, the Fe-SMA should be activated, which involves controlled heating and natural cooling of the Fe-SMA. The achieved pre-stress level of the substrates highly depends on the activation strategies for the Fe-SMA, such as activation position, length and temperature. An appropriate activation strategy is essential to achieve a high pre-stress level and to prevent premature failures, such as glass breakage or debonding during activation. This experimental work was carried out on glass-to-Fe-SMA bonded joints. Two activation temperatures (160 ºC and 200 ºC) were considered, aiming to attain high pre-stress levels while avoiding glass breakage and debonding. Afterwards, the effect of service temperature (50 ºC and 80 ºC) on the pre-stress loss was investigated. The findings in this research contribute to the efficient design and application of pres-stressing glass elements using adhesively bonded Fe-SMA tendons. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers Keywords: Iron-based shape memory alloy, Adhesive joints, Structural glass, Activation, Pre-stress loss, Temperature effect SMAR 2024 – 7th International Conference on Smart Monitoring, Assessement and Rehabilitation of Civil Structures Activation strategies for glass-to-iron-based shape memory alloy adhesively bonded joints Zhikang Deng a, *, Lingzhen Li a,b,d , Vlad-Alexandru Silvestru a , Elyas Ghafoori b,c , Andreas Taras a a Institute of Structural Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland b Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Duebendorf 8600, Switzerland c Institute for Steel Construction, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover 30159, Germany d Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China Abstract Previous research has demonstrated the potential of improving the performance of glass beams through pre-stressed bonded iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) tendons. The pre-stressing of bonded Fe-SMA tendons significantly enhanced both the initial glass cracking load and the residual load-bearing capacity of glass beams, compared with unstrengthened ones. To achieve the desired pre-stress level, the Fe-SMA should be activated, which involves controlled heating and natural cooling of the Fe-SMA. The achieved pre-stress level of the substrates highly depends on the activation strategies for the Fe-SMA, such as activation position, length and temperature. An appropriate activation strategy is essential to achieve a high pre-stress level and to prevent premature failures, such as glass breakage or debonding during activation. This experimental work was carried out on glass-to-Fe-SMA bonded joints. Two activation temperatures (160 ºC and 200 ºC) were considered, aiming to attain high pre-stress levels while avoiding glass breakage and debonding. Afterwards, the effect of service temperature (50 ºC and 80 ºC) on the pre-stress loss was investigated. The findings in this research contribute to the efficient design and application of pres-stressing glass elements using adhesively bonded Fe-SMA tendons. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers Keywords: Iron-based shape memory alloy, Adhesive joints, Structural glass, Activation, Pre-stress loss, Temperature effect © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +41-765-884-498 . E-mail address: deng@ibk.baug.ethz.ch * Corresponding author. Tel.: +41-765-884-498 . E-mail address: deng@ibk.baug.ethz.ch

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers

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