PSI - Issue 64

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Yago Cruz et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 64 (2024) 335–342 Yago Cruz / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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created to see where the critical stresses and strains are. The most unfavorable combination is when all four actions act simultaneously by applying a coefficient of 1.5 to the serviceability overload. A maximum Von Mises equivalent stress of 2.42 MPa is obtained at the foot of the central arch of the lower gallery (Fig. 6a), a maximum moment of 82.5 kNm and a maximum deformation of 17 millimeters in the center of the main hall (Fig. 6b). It can be seen that the central girder has the highest stress in the -Z axis, with 3.19 MPa, and the girder located in the main façade supports the highest stress in Z, with 2.71 MPa. The maximum deformation of the beam system is 5 mm and is located in the joists.

Fig. 6. (a) Maximum stress in ULS; (b) Maximum deformation in SLS.

4. Discussion The final results reveal that the structural integrity of the building is within adequate parameters. It can be observed that the most stressed areas of the building are the column footings, due to the fact that the lower part of the building is composed entirely of galleries. When applying the Eurocode coefficients for the ULS, it is observed that both the maximum stresses and moments are considerably below the Young's modulus of the oak used in this case, which is 12,000 MPa, and of the stone, which is 2,000 MPa. Likewise, the maximum deformation calculated in the SLS is also within the admissible values for verification. 5. Conclusions This paper proposes an HBIM methodology for the study of historic buildings. The HBIM methodology allows to model in detail the geometry of the building and to link to the model its properties and characteristics. In addition, it also allows linking all available information about the structure. It is possible to create a structural model with the same methodology and link or export it to structural analysis software without loss of information in the process. NDT such as TLS, GPR and thermal camera are used. With TLS, a large amount of geometric data is obtained in a short time, which is a faithful representation of the geometry of the structure. The use of the thermal camera allows to know the location and direction of the beams and to identify critical humidities in the structure. The use of the GPR allows locating hidden elements and knowing their dimensions without the use of destructive techniques. The calculations have shown that the building is within the parameters established in the ULS and SLS. Therefore, it is proposed as future works to continue the study of the structure to expand the database that is linked to the HBIM model and to have a control of the structural health of the Casa da Câmara de Guimarães over the years. Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.