PSI - Issue 64

Luigi Petti et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 64 (2024) 629–636 635 Petti L., Zuchtriegel G., Lupo C., Calvanese V. & De Gaetano C.M. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000 7

In addition to the table, the information is also shared through shapefiles created with all the attributes listed above. These shapefiles have the advantage of being able to be displayed on the orthophoto itself, and therefore it is possible to have a broad view of the results of the analysis. To recognise criticalities, the ortophoto analysis can be conducted via two approaches; the first is based on the judgement of expert operators, while the second uses machine-learned algorithms, see Colace et al (2024).

Fig. 5. Overlay of the georeferenced drone survey with the QGIS database (left). Example of possible criticalities (right): presence of vegetation (a), damaged sheaths (b), falling elements (c). 6. Conclusion This paper presents an innovative approach developed and applied in the Archaeological Park of Pompeii (Southern Italy), with the aim of monitoring the evolution of complex archaeological sites through inclusive, sustainable and resilient strategies. The methodology for monitoring has been developed to support the decision-making process to safeguard the heritage against hazardous conditions, in particular those related to climate change. The aims are to

acquire a sufficient and exhaustive knowledge of the heritage, with the purpose of: • monitoring its condition in order to ensure a rapid assessment of emergency situations; • defining a list of priorities; • performing expert and in-depth checks on well-known issues.

The approach considers multi-scale and multi-level methodologies in terms of data and time resolution and assessment accuracy, respectively. The innovation lies in the use of two standardized and integrated assessment processes, which allows the evolution of the conditions of the whole site to be monitored within a narrow timescale: annually for Local Assessment (LA) and monthly or more regularly for General Assessment (GA). The Detailed Assessment (DA) is only undertaken in exceptional cases, when extraordinary changes are identified or following extreme events like windstorms, etc. The GA level integrates modern technologies, such as the use of drones, which in addition to carrying out ordinary analyses and emergency situations, can also be used to carry out wide-ranging surveys in a short time to provide an overall understanding of the situation. The LA level is based, instead, on the judgments of experts and involves an adaptive and learning methodology using Fragility Analysis. Importantly, it is possible to expand our understanding of archaeological assets through the case-by-case investigations.