PSI - Issue 64

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ŝƌĞĐƚ

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Procedia Structural Integrity 64 (2024) 492–499

SMAR 2024 – 7th International Conference on Smart Monitoring, Assessment and Rehabilitation of Civil Structures Vehicle Classification using BiLSTM for Predictive Maintenance and Digital Twins

Robby Weiser a *, Florian Begemann a , Julian Unglaub a , Klaus Thiele a a Institute of Steel Structures, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 51, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany a

Abstract The service life of infrastructure is directly related to the traffic load. In the past, this traffic load has often been underestimated, resulting in significant damage to structures, especially steel bridges. In order to establish the paradigm of predictive maintenance in bridge engineering, prediction models for the state of damage and service life are necessary. In particular, the proportion of heavy trucks leads to a significant decrease in remaining service life. Therefore, knowledge of the composition and frequency of traffic is important. New methods from communications technology based on recurrent neural networks allow rapid identification of specific signals in monitoring data. A bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Network is used to identify up to nine different vehicle types from the drive-by vehicle signals. The method was applied to monitoring drive-by data from a German wide span steel bridge with an orthotropic deck (Rhine bridge Duisburg-Neuenkamp). Validation was performed based on weight-in-motion data in combination with a finite element analysis. The extracted data allows a detailed analysis of the classification of vehicle types, sequence effects and clustering of vehicles. The data obtained can later be used in digital twin applications. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers Keywords: signal analysis; structural health monitoring; recurrent neural network; traffic loads © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 531 391 3368; fax: +49 531 391 4592. E-mail address: r.weiser@stahlbau.tu-braunschweig.de

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2024.09.291