PSI - Issue 64

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000–000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 64 (2024) 677–684

SMAR 2024 – 7th International Conference on Smart Monitoring, Assessment and Rehabilitation of Civil Structures Monitoring of historical monuments: 5 years dynamic monitoring of the Milan Cathedral Carmelo Gentile a , Ana Avramova a, * a Politecnico di Milano, Department of Architecture, Built environment and Construction engineering (DABC), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milan, Italy Abstract Although increasing attention has been recently given to dynamic monitoring of Civil Engineering structures, practical applications on Heritage structures are still not common. Since October 2018, a dynamic monitoring system has been active in the Milan Cathedral, with the main objective of continuously extracting features that are related to the current structural condition of the monument. Following a brief overview of the historical background of the monument and a description of the implemented monitoring system, selected results from the monitoring over 5 years are summarized in the paper. The statistical pattern recognition framework has been applied to the dynamic responses continuously collected in the historical building. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers Keywords: Environmental effects; Milan Cathedral; Natural frequencies; Seismic response; SHM. 1. Introduction Designed to compete with other Gothic Cathedrals in Europe, the Milan Cathedral is one of the largest masonry monuments ever built. Considering that the structural architecture of the monument evolved between 1386 and 1813 (Veneranda Fabbrica del Duomo, 1885)  also with the involvement of several famous architects from France and Germany  the resulting architectural style is characterized by a mix of both Gothic and regional Lombardy architecture, and includes neo-classic, neo-gothic, and even Renaissance influences. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers

* Corresponding author. E-mail address: ana.avramova@polimi.it

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of SMAR 2024 Organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2024.09.327