PSI - Issue 70

K. Navin Balaji et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 295–302

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Fig.3(a) Slump flow and T500 slump

Fig.3(b) V-Funnel test

Fig.3(c) L-Box ratio

Fig.3(d) J-Ring test

3.2 Mechanical properties of SCC The mechanical characteristics of SCC incorporating RHA, LSP, and CSA were evaluated through several studies at varying curing ages. The test outcomes are summarised in Table 4.

Table.4. Mechanical properties of SCC Mix ID

Compressive strength (MPa)

Flexural Strength (MPa)

Split tensile Strength (MPa)

Dry Density (kg/m³)

7 d

14 d 31.8 33.8 36.2 37.5 38.2 35.2 34.2

28 d 33.25 35.10 37.85 39.56 40.12 37.00 35.60

7 d

28 d 4.75 5.00 5.25 5.40 5.98 5.10 4.90

7 d

28 d 3.10 3.25 3.40 3.52 3.80 3.45 3.20

CC

30.2 32.0 34.0 35.4 36.0 33.5 32.0

3.45 3.62 3.80 3.98 4.10 3.75 3.60

2.45 2.60 2.75 2.90 3.02 2.85 2.70

1995 1930 1905 1877 1854 1828 1800

RHA-0 RHA-5 RHA-10 RHA-15 RHA-20 RHA-25

3.2.1. Density of SCC The dry density measurements of SCC mixes diminished steadily as the cement content was replaced by RHA. The control mix (CC) achieved the highest density at 1995 kg/m³ but the RHA-25 mix reached the lowest value at 1800 kg/m³. The density reduction occurs steadily because RHA possesses lightweight and porous properties. The density reduction in all mixes resulted from using coconut shell aggregate (CSA) together with its lower specific gravity than natural coarse aggregate and from the use of RHA. The use of RHA together with CSA enabled the production of lightweight SCC.