PSI - Issue 70

Ragupathi V. et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 548–555

551

Table 1. Characteristics of materials utilized in this investigation Property OPC Bagasse Ash

Foundry Sand River Sand Coarse Aggregate Steel Fibres

Specific Gravity (SG)

3.15

2.20 8.5 950

2.63 4.3 1560

2.56 3.1 1650

2.71

7.85

Fineness (%)

2

-

-

Bulk Density (kg/m³) Water Absorption (%) Tensile strength (MPa)

1440

1475

7850

- -

- -

0.5

1.2

0.7

-

-

-

-

1195

3. Methodology of Study The performance of M25 grade concrete is examined in this study by adding steel fibres (0%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, and 1.2%) and partially substituting natural river sand with waste foundry sand (20%) and cement with bagasse ash (15%). The materials were chosen and tested for their physical and chemical characteristics. Concrete mixes were formed in accordance with IS 10262:2019, and specimens were prepared through batching, mixing, casting, compacting, and curing. The characteristics of freshly poured concrete were tested using slump and compaction factor tests (IS 1199:1959), whereas hardened concrete was analyzed for compressive and flexural strength (IS 516:1959), split tensile strength (IS 5816:1999), and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) (IS 13311 Part 1:1992). SP is kept at 1% by weight of the binder. Durability was assessed by water absorption (ASTM C642) and resistance to sulphate attack (IS 12330:1988) by recording weight and strength deterioration. The mix proportions of all mixtures utilized in this investigation are illustrated in Table 2. Some of the test configuration is depicted in Figure 2.

Table.2. Proportions of Concrete Ingredients for Different Mixes (Kg/m³) Mix ID Cement BA FA FS

CA

SP

Water

SF (%)

(Kg/m³)

CC BF

380 323 323 323 323 323

0

679

0

1238 1238 1238 1238 1238 1238

3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8

152 152 152 152 152 152

0 0

57 57 57 57 57

543.2 543.2 543.2 543.2 543.2

135.8 135.8 135.8 135.8 135.8

BFS-1 BFS-2 BFS-3 BFS-4

0.6 0.8 1.0

1.2 BA - Bagasse Ash; FA – Fine Aggregate; FS- Foundry Sand; CA- Coarse Aggregate; SP- Superplasticizer; SF- Steel Fibre

(a)

(b)

(c)

Fig.2.Test setup (a) compressive strength; (b) tensile strength; (c) UPV test

4. Experimental Investigations 4.1 Workability properties

Figure 3 exhibits the findings of the workability assessment. The slump value was highest for the control mix and lowest for the BWFRC4 mix. The reduction in slump was caused by the interlocking effect of steel fibres, which limited the flow of concrete. Similarly, when fibre concentration increased, compaction factor values declined, which indicates decreasing concrete flowability. However, using a superplasticizer kept the workability within an acceptable range.